Chosŏn Cartography in a Trans-regional Context

This chapter examines cartographic exchange and influence between Ming China and the neighboring Chosŏn state. The Tongguk yŏji sŭngnam (Newly Augmented Geographical Survey of the Land of the East) was directly inspired by the Da Ming yitong zhi (Gazetteer of the Great Ming’s Unification). Long before the emergence of a substantial commercial publishing industry, the maps of the Sŭngnam were widely copied in manuscript atlases. The chaotic richness of later Ming works tended to be rejected in Chosŏn, however, in favor of adherence to orthodox precedent. The chapter also discusses the importation of materials into Ming China, examining one such work in detail – the Chaoxian tushuo (Annotated maps of Chosŏn), printed in 1600.

Presenter: Werner Paulus, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster. Publishing A High-quality, Non-commercial Neuropathology Journal Without a Publisher: The First Nine Months

Scholarly communication faces increasing economical and ethical challenges, including pricing policies and overbearing behavior of commercial publishing houses. Based on the hypothesis that a diamond open access neuropathology journal of a high scientific and technical quality can be run entirely by neuropathologists, we launched Free Neuropathology (FNP; freeneuropathology.org) in January 2020. Classical publisher activities, such as copyediting, layout, website maintenance, and journal promotion, are undertaken by neuropathologists and neuroscientists using free open access software. The journal is free for both readers and authors, and papers are published under a Creative Commons BY SA licence, where copyright remains with the authors. Based on 26 articles published by August 2020, it takes FNP 11.1 days from submission to first, and 19.9 days to final, decision. High-quality copyediting, layout, and online publishing in the final format is accomplished in only 8 days. Absence of a commercial publisher enables prioritization of democratic and scientifically-driven decisions on editorial structure, website design, journal promotion, paper formatting, special article series, and number of accepted papers. This new model of journal publishing, which returns the control of scholarly communication to scientists, will be of interest to neuropathologists and wider scientific community alike.Learning ObjectivesSummarize the current state and driving forces behind commercial and non-commercial scientific publishing in neuropathology.Describe the advantages and challenges of a non-commercial publishing platform for neuropathology.

Competition and coordination in Swedish botanical publication, 1820–79: Eleven editions of Hartman’s Handbook

In 1820, a Handbook of the Flora of Scandinavia by Carl Hartman was published in Stockholm by Zacharias Haeggström. The Handbook was a successful project for both author and publisher: similar enough to textbooks and academic publications to appeal in educational settings, yet ostensibly written for the general public. The Handbook went through eleven editions, becoming the standard reference flora for Swedish botanists – academic as well as others – before being succeeded after 1879 by a range of specialized floras aimed at schoolboys, students, or academic botanists. The trajectory of Hartman’s Handbook through the nineteenth century highlights the changing conditions of Swedish botanical publication. It draws attention to authorship as a scientific career tool, and, conversely, the significance of scientific texts in the emergence of commercial publishing in the first half of the nineteenth century.

Urdu Lithography as a Muslim Technology

Scholarship on the lithographic press has focused primarily on books—in particular, on the print traditions emanating from large cities like Lucknow. While printers used lithography to make books look more like manuscripts, Urdu newspaper publishers used lithography to make newspapers look like the mass-produced correspondence that had previously bound together ashrāf social networks. Madīnah not only was an example of commercial publishing but also deserves consideration as a manifestation of piety. Journalism was a farẓ or duty understood in religious terms by the proprietor and editors of Madīnah. The example of Madīnah suggests that we must consider this potential dimension of other Urdu newspapers as well.

Time to stop the exploitation of free academic labour

Commercial publishing houses continue to make unbounded profits while exploiting the free labour of researchers through peer review. If publishers are to be compensated financially for the value that they add within a capitalist system, then so should all others who add value, including reviewers. I propose that peer review should be included as a professional service by research institutes in their contracts with commercial publishers. This would help to recognize the value of peer review, and begin to shape it into a functional form of quality control.

The Changing Environment for Scholarly Publishing

The importance of the publishing and dissemination of scholarly books and journals remains secure since this process is pivotal to the life blood of academic research. However, the process of scholarly publishing and dissemination in the United States has undergone a series of major substantive developments that have, in many instances, improved the quality and dissemination of content and, in a few cases, impacted negatively on this ecosystem. This chapter provides an analysis of key developments in the scholarly publishing sector, including growth in the number of US colleges and the impact on scholarly publishing output and libraries; concentration in the commercial publishing industry; and changes in both industry employment (and diversity) and the number of bookstores.

Time to stop the exploitation of free academic labour

Commercial publishing houses continue to make unbounded profits while exploiting the free labour of researchers through peer review. If publishers are to be compensated financially for the value that they add within a capitalist system, then all others who add value should be similarly, including reviewers. I propose that peer review should be included as a professional service by research institutes in their contracts with commercial publishers. This would help to recognise the value of peer review, and begin to shape it into a functional form of quality control.