Functional and metabolic neutrophils activity in patients with acute intestinal infections and the influence of selimakcid

Aim. To explore the functional activity of neutrophils in healthy individuals and patients with acute intestinal infections and the effect of selimakcid on it in vitro. Methods. 48 patients with acute intestinal infections aged 20 to 60 years were examined. The control group consisted of 10 healthy people of the same age. Functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils was studied by a nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and by «BURSTTEST» (Neutrophil Oxidative Burst Test). Results. Examination of the functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils in patients with acute intestinal infections revealed increased results of spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test in acute period of the disease. The same changes were discovered while studying the Serratia marcescens stimulated cell activity in patients with dysentery. However, in patients with salmonellosis neutrophils activity in induced nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test did not differ from that of healthy controls. The number of neutrophils synthesizing reactive oxidants recorded by «BURSTTEST» in patients corresponded to the indicators of the induced nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and did not differ in patients with different nosologies. Studying the effect of selimakcid on neutrophils functional activity in healthy controls and patients with acute intestinal infections by nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and «BURSTTEST» showed that pre-incubation of neutrophils with selimakcid intensified the response to Serratia marcescens. The ability of the drug to modulate the neutrophils activity in patients with acute intestinal infections was higher compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion. Increased functional activity of neutrophils associated with reduced reserve capacity was revealed in patients with salmonellosis and shigellosis of moderate severity. Selimakcid showed immunomodulatory effect, increasing the functional and metabolic potential of neutrophils in patients with acute intestinal infections in vitro.

In Vitro Production of Superoxide Radical from Paraquat and Its Interactions by Monuron and Diuron

The abilities of herbicides to either produce superoxide radical or react with this radical were examined. The effect of the herbicides on the superoxide-induced reduction ofp-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride was used as an index. Paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) enhanced and diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] inhibited the reduction ofp-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride. Paraquat was reduced photochemically (riboflavin/methionine) or enzymatically (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) and produced superoxide radical upon reoxidation. Diuron and monuron [3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] interacted with photochemically produced superoxide radical, but not with enzymatically produced superoxide radical. The product of the monuron/superoxide interaction was a demethylated, dechlorinated, water-soluble compound containing phenolic hydroxyl group(s), and was not toxic to oats (Avena sativaL.). The enzyme superoxide dismutase prevented the formation of this product.