Reconstruction of argumentation about the possibility of natural theology in confessional polemics at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries

This article describes the problem of the possibility of natural theology, as it was understood in the discussion between Catholics and Protestants at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The topic is relevant because on the one hand, the category theologia naturalis by this time accumulated a lot of theological and philosophical values, and it is for some traditions a system-forming category that identifies the relation of certain concepts of early modern science. On the other hand, it formed a point around which arguments for and against fundamental decisions were built in the field of ontology, epistemology, anthropology, etc. Thus, the problem of natural theology, its possibilities, composition, and connection with the theology of Revelation (theologia revelata) is a fundamental factor in the development of confessional thought in the early modern period. In studying this problem, emphasis is placed on the ways to conceptualize the idea of natural theology, since this factor determined some strategy of argumentation, that a thinker chooses, justifying a positive or negative assessment of the significance of this problem. A special attribute of the approach is the consideration of how the problem of the possibility of natural theology was understood within the agenda of a specific strategy of theological and philosophical argumentation (in particular, in William Ames’ theological works). The approach allowed us to reveal an authentic understanding of the scope and structure of the problem of the possibility of natural theology, characteristic of authors at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, as well as to describe ways to systematize various arguments into a single strategy for positive or negative evaluation of the phenomenon of natural theology.

Identification of rumour stances by considering network topology and social media comments

Online social media (OSM) has become a hotbed for the rapid dissemination of disinformation or faked news. In order to track and limit the spread of faked news, we study stance identification of comments posted on OSM, where the stance can denote the comment’s semantics. In this article, we propose a framework for identification of rumour stances, combining network topology and OSM comments. We construct a vector matrix of comments and words via OTI (optimisation term frequency–inverse document frequency). To better identify the stances, we introduce another vector matrix with novel or special attribute, that is, network topology among the users. Variant autoencoder (VAE) is then applied for dimensionality reduction and optimisation of these vector matrices which are then combined into an integrated matrix [Formula: see text], tempered by two parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Finally, the matrix is fed into a neural network for final rumour stance identification. Experimental evaluations show that our proposed approach outperforms some state-of-the-art methods and achieves a high precision of 90.26% and F1-score of 88.58%.

A Study of Graphene Applications

Carbon is unique in its own ways, the most special attribute of carbon is that it can make rings and long chain; even life on the earth is possible due to this property of carbon. Graphene is the first two dimensional material and it has many outstanding properties which have resulted in many exciting applications. Graphene is claimed to be so versatile that it will be able to replace present day materials. It is thought to be the perfect two-dimensional carbon crystal as it is the unique blend of properties both mechanical and electronics. Graphene is the thinnest, highly elastic, am bipolar, chemically inert, and hydrophobic, possesses record electron conductivity, high value of mobility, high thermal conductivity, high opacity, low resistivity and shows fractional quantum Hall effect and ballistic conduction and many other interesting properties that are yet be explored. Recently it has been found that the magnetic field of grapheme can be switched on and off. In this paper, I have done a comparative study of properties of grapheme and tried to produce an application of grapheme in two fields which affect us most, that are, Medicine and Electronics.

Change and Meaning of Red burnished Two-handled with holes pottery

It is true that Red burnished pottery is specially handled as a unique artifact because of its distinct characteristics in production process. Among them, Red Burnished Two- handled with holes pottery is unearthed in both dwelling sites and pits. Due to a recent increase in date, The number of unearthed Red Burnished Two-handled with holes pottery is increasing. Therefore, interest in this pottery has grown lately. Most of all, it is notable artifact that even if the period and the site are different, the pottery’s special form attribute makes it can be handled as interregional comparative criterion or indicator for timeliness in the same area. This pottery can be classified in three types. In addition to the three-attribute comparison of the mouth, body and base of the pottery, changes in the handle are identified, particularly in terms of practical purpose, the size of holes in the handle are become bigger continuously. the change occurs with other attribute’s transition. the handle, and changes in the size of the holes are the special attribute which distinguishes this pottery from other vessels. and also, These factors can mean a manifestation of new storage system by changing and using the hole in handles. the I, II types can be placed in the early period(especially in the later part), and Ⅲ types can be placed in the middle period. These features make this pottery as a data to reinforce the existing chronology table. And on the basis of this chronology table, Red Burnished Two-handled with holes pottery can become a criterion that allow us to compare chronologies between different regions or within the same region.

STATUS OF CATTLE AND BEEF EXTERNAL TRADE OF POLAND AND HUNGARY OUTSIDE THE EUROPEAN UNION BETWEEN 2002 AND 2015

Both Hungary and Poland are net exporter in cattle and beef trade. Because of the large Polish and Hungarian supply these countries cannot sell all products on domestic and EU single markets. Cattle and beef production of both countries have to be sold on non-EU markets. These markets have a special attribute because import of cattle and beef to EU is regulated but the export to these countries is not under European limitation. This special attribute results in the fact that there are less available scientific indexes to use studying the international trade. In this paper we aimed to examine the comparative advantages of Hungarian and Polish cattle and beef export to non-EU markets between 2002 and 2015. Out analysis based primary on Balassa index (RCA) which is compared with the share of product export of the reference countries in their entire export. Secondary, the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) was used as a correction of RCA (makes the RCA symmetrical). Primary we established that both studied countries have the same non-EU target markets with the highest importance of Turkey and Russia. During the examined period several changes were resulted, for example the decrease of Turkish market and the Russian embargo. These changes had an effect on comparative advantages.

The attractiveness of tourist night markets in Taiwan – a supply-side view

Purpose – The aim of this study is to explore the attractiveness of tourist night markets by looking at the dual nature of retail service and tourism from a supply-side perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted field observations to understand the offerings at night markets and used content analysis to explore the attributes of vendors who operate there. Findings – The research reveals that the attractiveness of night markets derives from the diversity of service contents and local food, affordable consumption (the lowest unit prices, with products under US$3.3 comprising approximately 70 per cent of those offered), temple festivals and the various service attributes of vendors. These night market features generate physical perceptions and personnel perceptions among tourists. Vendor service attributes include performance, empathy, responsiveness and courtesy. Unique and interesting performances comprise a special attribute of night markets that differ from other service industries. Practical implications – The results provide information on how tourism officials can promote night markets as tourist destinations and what kinds of vendor service attributes please tourists the most. Originality/value – This study expands on the literature that discusses perceptual attributes to tourist street markets by exploring the service contents of these markets and by identifying the service attributes of vendors.

Molecular characterisation of the ORF68 region of equine herpesvirus-1 strains isolated from aborted fetuses in Hungary between 1977 and 2008

Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) can be classified into distinct groups by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in their genomes. Only a few of these can be associated with a special attribute of the virus. Differences in the ORF30 region can determine the neuropathogenic potential, while by substitutions in the ORF68 region several strain groups can be made. In previous studies no connection was found between the neuropathogenic potential and the SNPs in ORF68, but the occurrence of members of distinct groups in different outbreaks can facilitate epidemiological investigations because the geographical distribution of a particular group is very often specific. The present study aimed at the molecular examination and grouping of 35 EHV-1 strains isolated from aborted equine fetuses in Hungary between 1977 and 2008. Genotyping was based on the comparison of nucleotide sequences of a polymorphic segment located in the ORF68 region, which had previously been found to be a useful tool for classification. After sequencing this region, the Hungarian EHV-1 isolates could be classified into seven groups. Only 23 of the 35 isolates belonged to the formerly described groups, while the SNPs of 12 isolates diverged, and four new groups could be set up. In addition, phylogenetic analysis was performed to compare the ORF68 sequences of the Hungarian strains with the sequences of isolates from Europe, America and Australia. The number of newly formed groups suggests that the further analysis of unknown EHV-1 isolates would involve the emergence of extended numbers of new groups, which can impair the usability of this grouping method.

Patents: Restoring Safety

The law punishes manufacturers who embrace safely innovation and product improvement. The “new” is literally the enemy of the “old” in the sense that a new safety design may be used by the law to show that all past and current designs are defective. On the other hand, if the new design is patented, a special attribute precludes its invocation as a remedial measure for a safety problem which predated the patent.