Unicornuate Uterus with Rudimentary Horn as a Rare Etiology of Secondary Dysmenorrhea: A Case Report

Congenital uterine anomalies are an uncommon type of female genital malformations caused by abnormal development of müllerian ducts during embryogenesis. Patients with an obstructive uterine anomaly have a higher risk of developing gynecological and obstetric complications that may present at menarche or later in life. We present a case of severe dysmenorrhea in a young teenager caused by obstructive hematometra in a noncommunicating horn of the unicornuate uterus. A differential diagnosis of a possible anomaly was made using 2-dimensional pelvic ultrasonography, which was later confirmed using MRI that revealed an anomalous uterine cavity with a single left-sided cornua communicating with the cervix and a distended right-sided rudimentary horn. She underwent a right salpingectomy with rudimentary horn excision, which was successfully managed laparoscopically. This case emphasizes the importance of physicians being cognizant in identifying patients with uterine anomaly to provide appropriate treatment and prevent adverse reproductive outcomes.

5-methyltetrahydrofolate: A mandatory support for T677T MTHFR SNP women suffering from premature ovarian insufficiency, endometriosis and/or multiple ART failures

A patients, age 39 in 2019, suffering hypermenorrhea, secondary dysmenorrhea and endometriosis with pelvic adhesions, Normal physical examination with an AMH value of 0.877 ng/L . At this time the couple had been trying to conceive for over 2 years while taking nature made prenatal vitamins and the wife was given 9 rounds of clomid treatments (6–50 mg, 3- 100 mg). She was advised to take DHEA and then started IUI and IVF with no success. On August, 2020, it was elected to check the couple for MTHFR mutation. The woman was found to be homozygous for T677T MTHFR mutation and her spouse homozygous for the C1298C MTHFR mutation but with a subnormal sperm. The patient and her spouse were both advised to discontinue any vitamins containing folic acid and start vitamins with a daily dose of 1,000 mcg of 5-MTHF (folate) with chelated zinc and a vitamin B complex. On December, 2020 spontaneous conception occurred. On July 27, 2021, a healthy 48.26 cm (19 inches), 3 kg (6 pounds 9 ounces) girl was delivered by c-section. Keywords: MTHFR 677TT SNP; endometriosis; ART failures; premature ovarian insufficiency; 5MTHF.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DISMENOREA PADA SISWI SMAN 1 LOLAK

ABSTRACT Data from the World Health Organization shows that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is quite high throughout the world. The average incidence of dysmenorrhea in young women is between 16,8%-81%. The prevalence of adolescent girls in Indonesia is that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is 64,25%, consisting of 54,89% primary dysmenorrhea and 9,36% secondary dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in SMA Negeri 1 Lolak. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross sectional study design with a sample size of 68 respondents. The sampling technique used was total sampling. Data for each variable was collected using a questionnaire through interviews and then the data was then analyzed by univariate and bivariate with chi square test. The results of research conducted at SMAN 1 Lolak showed that there was a relationship between the age of menarche and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p = 0,030 < 0,05), there was a relationship between family history and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p = 0,039 < 0,05), and there is a relationship between exercise habits and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p=0,024

Dysmenorrhea and endometriosis in teenage girls (review)

Most adolescents experience discomfort during menstruation. Usually, girls are diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea in the early reproductive period and respond well to symptomatic treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or hormonal drugs. If first-line therapy does not improve the symptoms of dysmenorrhea, transabdominal ultrasonography is indicated. Most often, these patients are diagnosed with endometriosis, which is the main cause of secondary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Endometriosis should be assumed in patients with persistent, clinically pronounced dysmenorrhea that does not respond to treatment with hormonal drugs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially if no other cause of chronic pelvic pain or secondary dysmenorrhea is detected on the basis of history, physical examination, and ultrasonography of pelvic organs. The aim of the therapy is to relieve symptoms, suppress disease progression, and protect future fertility.

Dysmenorrhea

Key Points Dysmenorrhea (ie, painful menses) is a frequent cause of school absenteeism in girls.Primary dysmenorrhea typically occurs 1 to 2 years after menarche.Common causes of secondary dysmenorrhea including sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, outflow tract obstruction, and endometrial polyps or fibroids.A careful history and physical examination are sufficient to diagnose primary dysmenorrhea.Secondary dysmenorrhea may require additional evaluation, including STI testing, imaging studies, and referral to a specialist.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Dysmenorrhea Caused by Endometriosis: A Review of Utilization and Mechanism

Endometriosis (EM) is a common and benign estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder among women of reproductive age, and secondary dysmenorrhea is one of the more severe symptoms. However, the mechanism behind the development of dysmenorrhea is poorly understood, and there is a lack of effective methods for diagnosing and treating EM dysmenorrhea. In this regard, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has recently come into widespread use due to its limited adverse reactions and high efficiency. This review updates the progress of CAM in the treatment of EM dysmenorrhea and seeks to identify the therapeutic efficacy as well as the mechanisms behind these effects based on the available clinical and experimental studies. According to the literature, CAM therapy for EM dysmenorrhea, including herbs (herbal prescriptions, extracts, and patents), acupuncture, and Chinese herbal medicine enema (CHM enema), is effective for relieving dysmenorrhea with fewer unpleasant side effects when compared to hormonal and surgical treatments. In addition, we discuss and analyze the existing gaps in the literature. We hope to provide some instructive suggestions for clinical treatment and experimental research in the future.

Upaya Integrasi Penanganan Nyeri Haid dengan Abdominal Stretching pada Remaja Puteri di Pesantren Baitul Ulum El-Musawwa, Serang, Banten

Menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea is a problem that is often faced by teenagers during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea occurs due to an imbalance of the hormone progesterone which causes uterine contractions and stimulate the pain response of each individual. Based on the underlying pathophysiology, there are two types of dysmenorrhea, namely primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea, primary dysmenorrhea occurs in women of childbearing age in the form of pain in the lower abdomen so that it can disrupt their quality of life. Dysmenorrhea often interferes with teenagers' productivity and influences coping abilities. The purpose was to evaluate the abdominal stretching on the intensity of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in teenagers. This public service is a test pre-test of pain menstrual by using Visual Analogue Scale, demonstration-re-demonstration abdominal stretching, and evaluate pain scale of dysmenorrhea. From 26 participants founding that the level of menstrual pain at middle is 69.23%, lower is 30.77%, there are no severe pain levels. After abdominal stretching reduce the pain become 100% at lower pain and there are no moderate and severe pain levels. The Abdominal stretching exercise is recommended to be another alternative for reducing dysmenorrhea in teenagers that is easy, economic, safe and without side effects

Systematic Review: The Effect of Massage Effleurage on Dysmenorrhea

Introduction: In Indonesia, the incidence of dysmenorrhea is 64.25% consisting of primary dysmenorrhea amounted to 54.89% and secondary dysmenorrhea of 9.36%. Some women experienced menstrual pain or cramps, also known as dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of abdominal massage effleurage on decreasing the pain scale of primary dysmenorrhea. Method: Systematic review using the database: Google Scholar. The search results that meet the criteria were then analyzed for articles. Result: Primary dysmenorrhea pain could be relieved by massage techniques such as abdominal effleurage massage. Conclusion: To deal with dysmenorrhea pain, it is advisable for young women not to consume it immediately pharmacological drugs but using massage therapy such as massage effleurage abdomen.

Muscle Relaxation Strategies on Dysmenorrhea: An Interventional Study

Background: The chief complaints of menstruating females can impact their life with several physical and psycho-social wellbeing. Menstrual pain could be due to primary or secondary dysmenorrhea. There has been a lack of ongoing studies to demonstrate the association of crucial variables with day-to-day activities during the cycle. Aim: Study adopted to explore the effectiveness of pelvic rocking exercises and home workouts among adolescents. Methods: A case-control randomized design was adopted among the adolescents' community where the pre-post test was carried out, and the selected variables have been statistically analyzed. Results: In total, 180 adolescents participated in our study. Overweight has been well documented as one of the variables to experience pain, and the intensity of the pain minimized after performing a couple of interventions. Moreover, few findings appeared that exercises and home workouts reduce the pain level (scores) (p<0.05) and documented fewer dysmenorrhea symptoms in the following cycle. Conclusion: The study reports muscle relaxation strategies to help in the relief of menstrual pain. The authors recommend performing ongoing research with a larger sample size to interpret the findings with cautions to associate cause-effect relationships.