Patterns of neurological deficits in COVID-19 infections: a literature review

Neurologic deficits accompanying SARS-CoV-2 infections are associated with high mortality and morbidity. However, the exact prevalence and underlying pathogenesis of each disease are still unknown and under investigated. That is why this review reports the latest neurologic disorders diagnosed in COVID-19 patients and the possible underlying pathogenesis. We searched PubMed, Medline, Web of science, Embase, Google scholar, and Scopus using the following search terms; severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus-2 or SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 or coronavirus and brain or nerve or neuro. Only studies that reported any neurologic deficits accompanying the COVID-19 diagnosis were included. COVID-19 patients had a wide range of neurologic deficits affecting different parts of the nervous systems. Cerebrovascular disorders, seizures, and cranial nerve diseases were reported in many cases. Autoimmune neuropathy was also reported in many patients. The incidence of neurologic deficits was considered high in COVID-19 patients and was associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Stimulation Devices for Human Haptic Perception and Their Applications in Cranial Nerve Diseases

Tactile perception is a class of complicated sensations that can be divided into categories including concrete pressure, shape, and temperature perception. In different parts of the human body, the distribution of tactile sensitivity clearly differs. Various stimulatory devices are becoming increasingly widely used in studies of human haptic perception. New methods and devices that can be used to explore tactile stimulation are also being developed and have yielded many important results. This paper introduces such tactile stimulation devices, which can be divided into many categories according to qualities, including their geometric properties, temperature, force, and vibration. This article also introduces some devices that can be used to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. These devices can be used to examine a patient's haptic perception to help the patient's doctors diagnose their illness.