CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE

Background: This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types. Methods: Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure. Results: Seizures presented with fever in 36.00% of cases Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it. Keywords: Seizures, GTCS, Children

Clinical profile, etiology, type and outcome of neonatal seizures: a hospital-based study

Background: Our study was undertaken to study the etiological factor, clinical profile, types and outcome of newborn with neonatal seizures (NNS).Methods: Our study was hospital based prospective study was done in Sheri Kashmir institute of medical sciences (SKIMS) Bemina from April 2013 to April 2015 in NICU, after obtaining ethical clearance from institutional ethical committee. All neonates fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in our study.Results: In our study, 80 neonates with seizures were included in our study, among them 48 were males and 32 were females. Majority of neonates (57.5%) developed seizures during first 72 hours of life due to birth asphyxia. Commonest types of neonatal seizures observed in our study were subtle observed in 46 cases, followed by tonic (21.2 %), clonic (14.9 %) and mixed (6.2%) seizures. Birth asphyxia was commonest cause (57.5%) of NNS, sepsis with meningitis (18.7%) followed by hypoglycemia (13.7%) and hypocalcemia (5%). Cases of birth asphyxia were associated with higher mortality (58.3%) as compared to cases with metabolic seizures.Conclusions: From our study we conclude that commonest cause of neonatal seizure was birth asphyxia occurring within 72 hours of birth. Sepsis and meningitis were also common infections resulting in neonatal seizure, while as hypoglycaemia and hypocalcemia were common biochemical abnormalities leading to NNS. Early identification and treatment are likely important for long-term outcomes in acute symptomatic seizure.

Two Focal Seizure in a Patient Caused by Different Mechanism

Poststroke epilepsy is the most common cause of epilepsy in adult. Acute symptomatic seizure is a provoked seizure usually caused by systemic metabolic disorders. If stroke patient has a seizure, it is very important to discriminate whether it is a poststroke epilepsy or provoked seizure. The reason is that there are differences in the approach to treatment and the continuation of antiepileptic drugs. We report a stroke mimic patient who had two different mechanisms of focal seizures.

A STUDY OF ETIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ACUTE SYMPTOMATIC SEIZURES IN ADULTS

The word seizure is derived from Latin word “Sacire” meaning ‘to take possession of’. Seizure disorders are found Epilepsy can be broadly divided into idiopathic and symptomatic disorders. Idiopathic epilepsies are not associated with brain lesions or neurological abnormalities. They tend to be self limited and often respond well to antiepileptic therapy.An acute symptomatic seizure was defined in a recent recommendation from the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE ) as a clinical seizure occurring in close temporal relationship with an acute central nervous system insult which may be metabolic, toxic, infectious or inflammatory. Seizures are common disorders found all over the that may require urgent attention and treatment to reverse world and are encountered frequently during medical potentially damaging causes. Such seizures are practice in variety of settings. Annually approximately considered to be an acute manifestation of the insult and 150,000 adults will present with a first seizure in the may not recur when the underlying cause has been United State1. India is home to about 10 million people removed or the acute phase has elapsed. The knowledge with epilepsy (prevalence of about 1%). An epileptic of the etiologic risk factors of acute symptomatic seizures seizure is an episode of neurologic dysfunction in which in third-world countries will invariably contribute to the abnormal neuronal firing is manifest clinically by changes effort aimed at preventing and managing medical conditions frequently complicated by seizures. The differential diagnosis of a single seizure includes psychogenic non-epileptic events, cardiac and neurogenic syncope, transient ischemic attacks, sleep disorders, and panic attacks.