Temperature Elevation in the Human Eye Due To Intraocular Projection Prosthesis Device

Corneal opacity is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis can restore vision but have limitations due to the shortage of donor corneas and complications due to infection. A proposed alternative treatment using an intraocular projection prosthesis device can treat corneal disease. In this study, we perform a transient thermal analysis of the bionic eye model to determine the power the device can produce without elevating the eye tissue temperature above the 2°C limit imposed by the international standard for implantable devices. A 3D finite element model, including blood perfusion and natural convection fluid flow of the eye, was created. The device was placed 1.95 mm from the iris, which experienced less than 2°C rise in the tissue temperature at a maximum power dissipation of LED at 100 mW and microdisplay at 25 mW.

Design and Development of Bionic Eye for Visually Challenged People using Raspberry Pi Processor

Bionic Eye will play a major role in the future development of visually challenged people. This research focuses on design and development of Bionic Eye to detect the hurdles for visually challenged people. This intelligence system uses the shape and movement of an object for detection and tracking. The object recognition rate is improved with the help of Stochastic Decent Gradient algorithm. Raspberry Pi is the processor used for the Bionic Eye as it gives out command on the object detection and the data from the camera is collected and then transmitted to the system. The distance and object movement is obtained by ultrasonic sensor. The range of the ultrasonic sensor is set and the distance is measured. A camera is used for capturing the object. A voice output saying “there is an object in front of you” is heard after an object is detected. The accuracy of the object detection is obtained by the deep learning algorithm. Increasing the recognition rate is the main advantage over object detection systems

Safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of Argus II in patients with retinitis pigmentosa: a systematic review

AIM: To assess the effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of the Argus II in treatment of the retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. METHODS: The ProQuest, Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE (via PubMed) were searched using combinations of the keywords of Argus, safety, effectiveness, bionic eye, retinal prosthesis, and RP through March 2018. The retrieved records were screened and then assessed for eligibility. RESULTS: Totally 926 records were retrieved from the searched databases and finally 12 studies included. The RP patients showed improvements in visual function after receiving the prosthesis, compared to the time before the prosthesis or the time it was off. This was measured by square localization, direction of motion, and grating visual acuity tests. No major adverse effect was reported for the Argus II prosthesis itself and/or the surgery to implement it, but the most frequently reported items were hypotony, and conjunctival dehiscence. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated to be €14603 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in UK and $207 616 per QALY in Canada. CONCLUSION: The available evidence shows that the Argus II prosthesis in RP patients is effective in improvement of their visual function. Some minor adverse effects are reported for the prosthesis. The cost-effectiveness studies show that the technology is cost-effective only at high levels of willingness-to-pay.