PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CAPTIVITY TO THE PROTAGONIST IN EMMA DONOGHUE’S NOVEL ROOM

This research aims at identifying, analyzing and describing the psychological condition in Room by Emma Donoghue, and also the causes and effects of the problem which are described in this novel. In the novel, the writer analyze the problem by using theory of Islam (2007), Jung in Emir (2016), and Van Dijk (1997) which explains about psychological effect, psychology, and captivity. This thesis uses qualitative method in analyzing the data to be flatly described to show the evidence of the data identified from the novel. The analysis is conducted by classifying the obtained data in chapter four related to the problems of the study. Hence, there are two kinds of psychological effect and three causes of the effect to be analyzed, i.e. social anxiety disorder and posttraumatic disorder, and the causes are: held captive, domination of Old Nick and hard attempt to escape. The results of this study depict that someone who has a mental illness within himself is not spared from the causes behind them, and be brave to get out from comfort zone to be a better version of your life like what is done by Jack by bravely escaping from the room.

The structure of psychopathological manifestations in internally displaced persons

In order to study the spectrum of psychopathology in internally displaced persons (IDPs) who asked for help, 68 IDPs with three categories of diseases were examined: organic mental disorders (F06.3, F06.4); aff ective disorders (F32.1, F33.1, F34.0); neurotic disorders (F40—48). It was established that among the surveyed IDPs, young people of working age prevail (from 40 to 49 years old — 41.18 %, from 30 to 39 years old — 23.52 % and from 18 to 29 — 20.59 %); with the presence of signifi - cant unsolved problems in the sphere of employment (52.94 % of the surveyed did not work). The clinical picture of the disease, regardless of the disorder, was characterized by polymorphism of symptoms and included a violation of the emotional spectrum, vegetative-somatic and cognitive impairment. In the structure of psychopathological manifestations in all mental disorders, there were isolated symptoms of posttraumatic disorder in the form of obsessive anxious memories of past events, fear that the situation with military actions would repeat, with dreams, accompanied by pictures of experienced events. Personal characteristics were manifested in passivity, inertia, emotional lability, reduced life satisfaction and inadequate self-esteem. All of the above should be considered when making a diagnosis, identifying specifi c targets in the development of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures. Keywords: internally displaced persons, mental disorders, personality traits, diagnosis and treatment

Manifestation of Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Men and Women Living in Armed Conflict Conditions in the East of Ukraine

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the manifestations of posttraumatic stress disorder in a civilians living in the conditions of an armed conflict. It is revealed that the level of posttraumatic disorder depends on the state of health, the level of human resourcefulness and the degree of depression, as well as the coping behavior that is used in a stressful situation. It has been established that the residents from the areas of intensive shelling (the second group) are more likely to experience poor health, lower vital activity, and worsening of the mood. It is determined that the civilians from the areas of intense shelling characterized by depressive states of different levels, and their personal resourcefulness is decreasing. It was revealed that in the extreme conditions of life under constant stress the respondents of the second group most often use unproductive behavior strategies: emotional coping (more often in women), and avoidance-oriented coping (more evident in men). It is proved that in the second group of respondents (from the areas of intensive shelling) the average and elevated level of posttraumatic disorder prevails.

Has DSM-5 saved PTSD from itself?

SummaryIn 2007, Robert Spitzer considered validity challenges to the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a construct that originated when he was Chair of DSM-III. Spitzer suggested changes for DSM-5, then in its planning stages, for the purpose of ‘Saving PTSD from itself’. With years gone by, it can be asked if DSM-5 followed Spitzer's recommendations to advance our understanding of posttraumatic disorder.

Persons with cancer diagnosis as victims/survivors: Patterns of victimization, empowering support and posttraumatic growth

The paper deals with the analyses of primary and secondary victimisation patterns to which cancer diagnosed persons are exposed, as well as an analyses of their needs and the adequacy of the support they receive from persons from their close surrounding, from professionals as well as from state institutions and nongovernmental organizations. The main aim of the paper is to examine applicability of basic victimological concepts such as the notion of victim-survivor, victimization, victim needs, agency v. passivity, self help, social support, posttraumatic disorder/ growth, to the experiences of persons with cancer diagnosis. Consequently the experiences of persons with cancer diagnosis are compared with the experiences of crime victims. On the basis of this analyses, recommendations regarding the possible exchange of experiences and unification of knowledge about crime victims? and cancer diagnosed persons? needs, as the basis for the improvement of existing and the development of new mechanisms of support and (self) help beneficial for both groups are presented.