Thermoregulatory Responses After Uphill Running While Wearing Enforcement Personnel Clothing

The choice of clothing for enforcement personnel is vital to ensure minimum physical interference and optimum freedom of movement. The clothing type and fibre composition are important factors that have strong influence on the activities of enforcement personnel. This study presents an evaluation of the thermoregulatory responses for two type of enforcement personnel clothing after uphill running with different material composition. Eight recreational trained respondents (age, 24.4 ± 2.3; height, 166.9 ± 3.3; body weight, 64.0 ± 5.8; BMI 23.0 ± 1.8) completed an 8 km run on a treadmill with 6% elevation wearing enforcement personnel clothing. Both clothing used in the trials were made of polyester/cotton (P50C50) and nylon/cotton (N20C80) material composition. The finding revealed that compared to P50C50 clothing, the N20C80 clothing does not have a good thermal balance. The loss of body mass did not vary significantly but the sweating rate differed significantly between trials (P = 0.008). The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) of the participants was rated higher for N20C80 as compared to P50C50. The thermal sensation (P < 0.001), sweating sensation (P = 0.05), skin wetness (P = 0.007), clothing comfort (P < 0.01) and clothing humidity (P = 0.001) were significantly greater with N20C80 compared to P50C50 during exercise. The P50C50 clothing was more convenient to wear for the uphill running during the exercise. This study suggested that P50C50 would provide a better thermoregulatory response to regulate the thermal equilibrium between human skin and the environment.

Clothing type and vitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Inconsistent reports have been made on the link of clothing style to vitamin D deficiency (VDD). However, there is no meta-analysis report on the link. Thus, we pooled the existing empirical evidence on the association of wearing concealing clothing with VDD and serum 25(OH)D level among healthy adult women.Method PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published until December 15, 2020 on the relation of clothing type with vitamin D status. Odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used to summarize the estimates on the association of concealing clothing with VDD status and 25(OH)D level, respectively. The summary estimates were calculated with random-effects meta-analyses, with heterogeneity assessed by I2–metrics and subgroup analyses done by types of clothing and regions of residence. Result In total, 14 studies with a total of 11,332 individual participants were included. Overall, women who wear concealing clothing were 2.28 times more likely to develop VDD compared with women who do not wear concealing clothing (pooled OR=2.28, 95%CI=1.67, 3.10, P<0.001). The summary odds of VDD was 1.36 times higher among women who wear veil hijab compared with women who do not wear veil hijab (95%CI=1.49, 3.59, P<0.001). The summary odds of VDD was 2.25 times higher among women who wear long sleeve clothes compared with those who wear short sleeve clothes (95%CI=1.63, 3.11, P<0.001). The mean serum 25(OH)D level of women who wear veil hijab was also significantly lower by 6.48 ng/ml (pooled SMD= -6.48, 95%CI= -8.24, -4.73, P<0.001). Conclusion Clothing type, particularly fully concealing clothes like hijab, might be contributing to the burden of VDD. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role and dose of additional VD supplement to compensate the effect of concealing clothing (hijab) on VD status of women.

The Results of the Analysis of Gait According to Mobile Phone Accelerometer Data for an Intelligent System of Authentication of Users

In this paper, we researched parameters of a person's gait according to the accelerometer of a mobile phone for the further development of the technology of intelligent gait analysis in biometric authentication systems. The paper considers the features of registering human movements based on various methods, describes the problems in assessing gait parameters based on accelerometric data of a mobile phone. The study involved 32 people aged 15 to 67 years, male and female, with different physiological characteristics (height, weight, posture). Also, two twins with the same physiological parameters and a person who underwent surgery on the knee joint were involved in the experimental group. The form of clothing was different-from tight-fitting trousers to loose trousers, and sneakers, shoes and shoes (for women) with low heels were used as shoes. The research methodology included the main types of movements that are performed in a person's daily life when walking. During the research, informative parameters were analyzed: the average value, the mean square deviation, the signal forms (the value of the correlation coefficient). In the course of the research, it was found that the use of a single accelerometric sensor of a mobile phone allows you to distinguish between the movements of a person when moving in different conditions (form of clothing, type of road, etc.), as well as to distinguish people by the features of movements.

Prejudice Toward Asian American Women: Clothing Influences Stereotypes

Clothing type can have a significant impact on the way people are perceived. In this study, we were interested in the effect of business versus casual clothing on the perception of Asian American women, given various stereotypes about them. We used a between-subjects design with a sample of college students from a university in the United States. Participants saw 3 Asian American women (and 1 European American woman to distract from the nature of the study) in either business attire or casual outfits, and rated each woman on a series of descriptors based off various stereotypes of Asian American women. We used the Scale of Anti-Asian American Stereotypes to measure internal prejudice toward Asian Americans and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory to measure sexism. The Scale of Anti-Asian American stereotypes was a significant covariate, F(4, 233) = 6.09, p < .001, ηp2 = .10. Participants rated models in business attire as less stereotypically Asian, F(1, 239) = 46.56, p < .001, ηp2 = .17, less sexualized, F(1, 239) = 12.91, p < .001, ηp2 = .05, and less invisible, F(1, 239) = 42.01, p < .001, ηp2 = .15. Our results show that stereotypes can indeed be influenced by business attire. It is important to note that future research may be oriented toward changing the attitudes of those who hold harmful stereotypes, rather than the actions (i.e., clothing choices) of the subjects of prejudice.

Crypt Burials from the Cloister Church of Riesa (Germany) – Changes of Funerary Customs, Body Treatment, and Attitudes to Death

The cloister church of Riesa (Saxony, Germany) contains two burial crypts which were used from the 17th to 19th century AD by local noble families, namely the barons von Felgenhauer, Hanisch/von Odeleben and von Welck. The crypt beneath the altar originally contained 50 inhumations of which about 30 are still preserved at present, either as coffins and/or mummies, while the northern crypt contained eight interments. During the last two centuries, the crypts have experienced major changes which could partly be reconstructed through historical records, photographs and oral history. The aim of the investigations, supported by the parish and the city museum, was to document the current state-of-preservation and to identify the inhumations by combining different types of evidence. The coffins were visually inspected and dated by typo-chronological comparisons, and inscriptions were transliterated whenever possible. Material, fabrication, clothing type and dating of the garments were determined during costume analysis. The mummified remains were subjected to a morphological investigation, including X-rays. Different body treatments resulting in natural or artificial mummification could be observed. In selected cases, samples for aDNA analysis were taken to test for kinship between individuals, and stable isotope analysis was performed for the reconstruction of diet, origin and age of weaning. Probable identification could only be achieved for the individuals with contextual information; however, the bioarchaeological analyses are still ongoing. The coffin ornamentation and inscriptions as well as the garments show chronological changes as well as individual preferences from the 17th to 19th century, most distinctive in the children burials. Faith in God and hope of resurrection remain constant attitudes to death, but familial affiliation becomes an important factor in early modern noble burials.

Multi-directionally wrinkle-able textile OLEDs for clothing-type displays

A clothing-type wearable display can be utilized in fashion, bio-healthcare, and safety industries as well as smart textiles for the internet of things (IoTs) and wearable devices. In response to this trend, we demonstrate a textile display that can endure the active movements of a human body. It can be applied to any kind of textile, and is durable against conditions such as rain, sweat, and washing. As a key technology for realizing the multi-directional wrinkle-able textile display, we fabricated a stress-lowering textile platform with an ultrathin planarization layer replicated from the flat surface of glass. An elastomeric strain buffer for reducing mechanical stress is also inserted into the textile platform. Here, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with red, green and blue color, thin film transistors (TFTs) fabricated at a low temperature below 150 °C, and a washable encapsulation layer blocking both gas and liquid were demonstrated on the textile platform.

Comfort and Function Evaluations of Warp-Knitted Fabrics

People have been paying attention to wearers comfort with functional textile products, the clothing type of which are further required to be eco-friendly and versatile as well as to help health care and to make wearers comfortable. This study uses bamboo charcoal (BC)/stainless steel (SS) wrap yarns for warp-knitted fabrics with three structural arrangements, and the influence of which on the far infrared (FIR) emissivity, softness, air permeability, and water absorption of the resulting warp-knitted fabrics are then examined. The FIR emissivity of all three fabric types is beyond 0.8. Single-faced, front-weft BC/SS warp-knitted fabrics possess optimal air permeability of 290 cm3/s/cm2and optimal softness of 3.9 cm. The results of this study can serve as reference for the research design and direction of health care fabrics and increase their added value.