Influence of Finishing/Polishing in Surface Roughness of Conventional Nanocomposites and Bulk-Fill

The choice of the best finishing/polishing methods for composite resin restorations is critical to the choice of excellence results related to longer clinical longevity. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of finishing and polishing systems on the surface roughness of a Nanoparticulate and Bulk-fill resin. For the research, 40 sample disks were prepared for each composite: single-increment (BF) (Bulk Fill 3M), both 2 mm thick and 10 mm in diameter (FZ) (Filtek Z350, 3M). The specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 samples each, according to the different materials to which they were subjected to the finishing and polishing protocols: control [C]- diamond tip (FG 4137F, FAVA); [EN] polishing discs (Enhance, Dentsply); [SL] Abrasive discs (Sof-Lex Pop-on, 3M) and [PD] felt disc + Polishing paste (Diamond Excel, FGM). A surface roughness (Ra) was verified with a roughness meter in three different data volumes and calculated as arithmetic means. Data were statistically treated by one way ANOVA followed by test t and student t test. Regardless of the data tested, evidence of the systemic controlling against different systems for polishing control with control (p <0.05). PD presented statistically greater roughness to the EN and SL (p <0.001), these in turn obtained similar performance and presented the lowest values of roughness for both composites (p> 0.05). The different finishing / polishing methods influenced the surface roughness of both composites, observing for Sof-lex and Enhance lower Ra values.Keywords: Nanoparticles. Dental Polishing. Composite Resins.ResumoA escolha dos adequados métodos de acabamento/polimento para restaurações de resina composta é fundamental para obtenção de resultados de excelência, relacionados a maior longevidade clínica. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência dos sistemas de acabamento e polimento na rugosidade de superfície das resinas nanoparticuladas convencional e bulk-fill. Para a pesquisa foram confeccionados 40 discos de amostra para cada compósito: Convencional [FZ] (Filtek Z350, 3M) e de incremento único [BF] (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M), ambas com 2 mm de espessura e 10 mm de diâmetro. Foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos com 10 amostras cada, de acordo com os diferentes protocolos que receberam, sendo: controle (C) ponta diamantada (FG 4137F, FAVA); (EN) discos de silicone (Enhance, Dentsply); (SL) discos abrasivos (Sof-Lex Pop-on, 3M); (PD) Feltro + Pasta diamantada (Diamond Excel, FGM). A rugosidade de superfície (Ra) foi verificada com um rugosímetro em três leituras de diferentes direções e calculadas as médias aritméticas. Os dados foram tratados estatisticamente pelos testes ANOVA 1 fator seguido pelo teste t e t de student (p<0,05). Independente da resina testada, evidenciou-se diminuição da rugosidade pelos diferentes sistemas de polimento frente ao grupo controle (p<0,05). PD apresentou rugosidade estatisticamente maior à EN e SL (p<0,001), estes últimos que por sua vez obtiveram desempenho semelhante e apresentaram os menores valores de rugosidade para ambos os compósitos (p>0,05). Os diferentes métodos de acabamento/polimento influenciaram na rugosidade de superfície dos dois compósitos testados, observando para Sof-lex e Enhance menores valores de Ra. Palavras-chave: Nanopartículas. Polimento Dentário. Resinas Compostas.

Provisórios em prótese fixa: revisão integrativa da literatura e técnicas para confecção

INTRODUCTION: The temporary fixed denture is an important part of the treatment, being an intermediate phase necessary for the manufacture of the definitive denture. OBJECTIVE: Present materials and their properties; as well as the techniques for making provisionals in Fixed Prosthesis, through an integrative literature review. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Search for the articles took place in the BVS and PubMed, published in portuguese and english, between 2000 and 2020. The search strategy used was: (Denture, Partial, Temporary) AND (Polymers) AND (Denture, Partial, Fixed) AND ("Dental Prosthesis" OR "Flexural Strength" OR "Dental Polishing"). The inclusion criteria were complete studies and available; studies of temporary fixed denture on teeth. The exclusion criteria were studies of provisional prostheses on implants. The complete data of the selected texts were extracted by the reviewers. Techniques for temporary fixed denture were presented regarding the stages of preparation, literature reviews and case reports. RESULTS: The studies addressed the application of different materials and techniques, in addition to laboratory research being prevalent. There was a heterogeneity between study objects and variables, with emphasis on the use of different polymers, techniques and adding reinforcement. CONCLUSION: The revised literature presented several of temporary materials. The techniques reported were the use of silicone mold, acetate matrix and CAD / CAM. And the most common techniques to be performed in the daily clinic were adaptation of the stock facet (on the preparation tooth and endodontically treated tooth), adapted resin or ball and silicone mold or matrix.

Degradação das Propriedades Físico-Mecânicas de Cerâmicas Odontológicas de Dissilicato de Lítio: uma Revisão de Literatura

O objetivo do trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a degradação de propriedades físico-mecânicas de cerâmicas odontológicas de dissilicato de lítio submetidas a simulação de situações cotidianas e testes mecânicos. Foi realizada busca na base de dados Pubmed, nos últimos 10 anos, utilizando os descritores: ceramics, dental polishing, surfaceproperties. Selecionaram-se 16 artigos, sendo critérios de inclusão: estudos de testes mecânicos em dissilicato de lítio, língua inglesa e os critérios de exclusão: artigos com outras cerâmicas, relatos de caso e estudos não laboratoriais. Apesar de terem excelente desempenho clínico, em geral, cerâmica de dissilicato de lítio prensada mostrou maior resistência à fratura, devido a orientação dos seus cristais, impedindo a propagação de fraturas. Quando submetidas a envelhecimento acelerado e pigmentação por corantes alimentares, o dissilicato de lítio mostrou alteração de cor significativa, mas sem prejuízo clínico. As bebidas ácidas testadas, bem como diferentes sistemas de polimento podem gerar um aumento de rugosidade de superfície na cerâmica, bem como alterar os valores de microdureza do material estudado de forma significativa. As cerâmicas de dissilicato de lítio são bastante versáteis e possuem ampla indicação em restaurações indiretas. Portanto, faz-se necessário avaliar cada vez mais a longo prazo o comportamento desse material em diferentes situações e testes mecânicos, bem como investir em estudos clínicos, para que obtenhamos resultados cada vez mais confiáveis e seguros.Palavras-chave: Ceramics. Dental Polishing. Surfaceproperties.

Effects of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of two ceromers

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> This in vitro study evaluated the effects of three polishing systems on the surface roughness of two ceromers. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> 96 specimens (8 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were prepared in a metal mold using two restorative materials: CERAMAGE (Shofu, Japan) and VMLC VITA (VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=12): G1: positive control, Mylar strip; G2: abrasive tips, Edenta system; G3: silicon tips, Enhance system; and G4: abrasive tips, Shofu system. The parameter evaluated was the average surface roughness (Ra) determined by using a profilometer SJ 301 (Mitutoyo, Japan), followed by photographic evaluation images through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), with a 1000x magnification range. The data was subjected to statistical analysis for comparison between the groups (ANOVA, Tukey and Student T-tests), with a significance level of 5%. <strong>Results:</strong> there was a statistically significant difference between the silicone tip Enhance and the other groups for both ceromers with higher values of surface roughness. There was no statistically significant difference between the ceromers, except for the Shofu system, which showed lower values of surface roughness for Vita VMLC. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the Edenta and Shofu abrasive tips are more effective in reducing the surface roughness of ceromers compared with the Enhance silicone tip.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Resins; Surface roughness; Dental polishing.</p>

Surface roughness of indirect composites using different polishing systems

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluatethe surface roughness of indirect composites afterpolishing with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) discs. <strong>Materialand Methods</strong>: One-hundred and eighty specimenswere confectioned with 6 indirect composites using aprefabricated matrix, resulting in six groups (n-30):Group SO - Solidex, Group SI - Signum, Group SF- Sinfony, Group OP - Opallis; Group RE - Resilab,Group EP - Epricord, Group AD - Adoro. Each groupwas divided into three subgroups according to thepolishing (n-10): Subgroup C (Control) - withoutpolishing (polyester strip); Subgroup S - polishingwith Sof-Lex discs; Subgroup T - polishing with TDVdiscs. The surface roughness was measured with aprofilometer. <strong>Results: </strong>The results were analyzed byANOVA and Tukey tests (5%), resulting in p = 0.00.The mean values (±standard-deviation) measured inRa (μm) for each Group/Subgroup were: RE/C - 0.14(± 0.14) a; EP/C - 0.18 (± 0.46) ab; SO/C - 0.24 (±0.22) abc; SF/S - 0.24 (± 0.17) abc; SF/C - 0.26 (±2.54)abc; SI/C - 0.30 (± 0.34)abcd; SO/T - 0.33(±0.42) abcd; AD/S - 0.34(± 0.88)abcd; AD/C - 0.37(±0.60)ab; SI/S - 0.37(± 1.39)bcd; SO/S - 0.43(± 0.26)cd; EP/S – 0.44 (± 1.02) cd; RE/S - 0.54(±2.02) de;SI/T - 0.65(± 0.88)ef; RE/T - 0.83 (± 0.54) fg; SF/T- 0.85 (± 0.21) fg; AD/T - 0.88 (± 1.74) fg; EP/T- 0.91(± 0.89) g. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded thatpolyester strip resulted in significantly lowest surfaceroughness; polishing with TDV discs resulted insignificantly higher surface roughness compared toSof-Lex discs and that the surface roughness resultsdepend on the composite tested.</p><p>Keywords<br />Composite resins; Dental polishing; Biofilms.</p>