Early Scythian Barrow With Cremation on the Western Podillia

In the early Scythian time, the Western Podillia group of monuments was distinguished on the territory of the Middle Dniester. A large cluster of complexes stands out in the middle course of the Zbruch River, the left tributary of the Dniester. Barrow groups, in particular, were excavated near Spasivka and Ivankivtsi villages, Horodok district, Khmelnytskyi Region. Barrow No. 5, explored in 2010, was completely plowed up and was distinguished on the surface only by the stone outcropping of which its barrow mound was made. The dimensions of this oval mound are 3,67 × 3,50 m. The largest slabs were located along the perimeter, forming an outer ring. From the south-east it was adjoined with a small display of cobblestones measuring 1,77 × 0,84 m, which was the place of a destroyed side burial. The burial pit, discovered under a layer of stone, was 2,7 m long, 2,37 m wide, 0,6 m deep. In ancient times, it probably had a wooden overlapping. The burial turned out to be robbed, but many things survived. The remains of a burial-cremation carried out on the side were found here. The burnt bones laid in a heap of 0,25 m in diameter. The burial was accompanied by glass beads, bronze earrings, and a handmade ladle. In addition, parts of a pot, a bowl, ladles, and a small cup were found in the layer of barrow stones. The burial rite of the barrow, in particular the presence of a stone barrow mound, a large central and additional side tombs, a type of grave have analogies in the burial monuments of the Western Podillia group. In these antiquities, the rite of burning the dead is also known, which exists along with the custom of inhumations. According to the inventory, the mound can be attributed to the Early Scythian time, and is dated by the Kelermes stage (mid-VII — first half of the VI c. BC). Judging by the cremation rite, a local aboriginal forest-steppe inhabitant was buried here. The modest sizes of the mound make it possible to see in him a simple community member of one of the surrounding settlements.

A comparison of accommodation and ocular discomfort change according to display size of smart devices

Background To evaluate the change of accommodation and ocular discomfort according to the display size, using quantitative measurements of accommodation and ocular discomfort through subjective and objective metrics. Methods Forty six subjects without any ophthalmic disease history were asked to watch the documentary movie, using two different sizes of smart devices; smartphones and tablets. Before and after using devices, the near point accommodation (NPA) and the near point convergence (NPC) were measured, and objective accommodation was measured using an auto refractometer/keratometer. The subjective ocular discomfort was assessed through a survey. Results Both devices showed a decrease in post-use NPA and NPC, and the change after use of the smartphone was significantly severe, 1.8 and 2.5 folds respectively, compared to tablet (p = 0.044, p = 0.033, respectively). Neither smartphone nor tablet showed significant changes in the accommodative response induced by dynamic accommodative stimulus of auto refractometer/keratometer (p = 0.240 and p = 0.199, respectively). Subjects showed a more severe increase in ocular discomfort after using smartphones (p = 0.035) and reported feeling tired even with shorter use times (p = 0.012). Conclusions Both devices showed significant decreases in NPA and NPC, and the larger changes were seen when using the small display smartphone. Even within 20minutes of using, subjects start to feel ocular discomfort, and it was more severe and faster after smartphones than tablets. Therefore, the smaller the display size, the greater the adverse impact on eyes, and thus, appropriate display size will need to be selected depending on the time and purpose of use.

Widget-based Alarm Recognition and a Management Support Interface System in Nuclear Power Plants

As small modular reactors (SMRs) and various computerized operating support systems have been developed, visual display unit(VDU)-based multifunctional consoles have been proposed. The more a console depends on VDUs, the more human system interface (HSI) designers need to consider the decrease in the human performance caused by the effect of navigation tasks. This paper proposes a widget-based alarm recognition and management support interface system to increase the operator’s ability to recognize alarms and to manage alarm-related tasks by reducing additional and excessive navigation tasks. With a small display screen, the system provides operators with quick and accurate access to alarm-related information and allows them to make corrective responses.

PENERAPAN ALGORITMA BOYER MOORE PADA AUTOMATIC LINK PADA CONTENT WEBSITE

Building a website requires a good plan so that the website can be used effectively and efficiently. The stages carried out in building a website are started by collecting data then studying the data, then planning is carried out which is then poured in the form of a design, then the design is developed and carried out. In building a website, it certainly has its own problems, such as interface display, data processing, performance, interaction with users, and others. To build a website that has a lot of menus, is a problem for builders, because the space to place a menu will be very limited if it is aimed at devices that have a small display such as a cellphone. The algorithm in the string matching method used in this study is the Boyer Moore algorithm, this algorithm is considered the most efficient general application algorithm, the Boyer Moore algorithm includes the most efficient string matching algorithm.Keywords: String Matching Search, Boyer Moore

Immersiveness and Perceptibility of Convex and Concave Displays

Curved displays promote three-dimensionality and may facilitate non-wearable virtual reality. Yet there is little design guidance on the optimal type of curvature that should be used. In this paper we have examined the perceived properties of convex and concave displays, at two different sizes. We conducted an experiment with 21 participants. Each participant was asked to make a series of binary choices after the participant viewed a display where one side was seen as convex and the opposite side was seen as concave. For each of 15 perceptual and aesthetic features, participants had to choose whether the convex or concave view/side of the display was stronger/more appropriate. Each participant made two binary choices (one for a small display viewed from its convex and concave sides, the other for a large display viewed from its convex and concave sides) for each perceptual and aesthetic feature, leading to a total of 30 judgments. Participants preferred the convex version of the small sized display and the concave version of the larger display. Individual differences were observed. Some participants generally preferred the convex displays, while others preferred the concave displays. The results are interpreted in terms of their implications for the future use of convex and concave displays in VR applications that do not use goggles.

Usability Evaluation of Mobile Weather Hazard Alert Applications

Cell phones enable us to receive and respond to critical incidents, such as: severe storms, tornadoes, and flash floods. However, due to the small display size of cell phones, and regardless of simplified symbols or alert messages, it is possible to overlook users’ ability to interact with the available features and understand the messages in a timely manner. Untrained and trained users of the Weather Radio application participated in an experiment to perform three search tasks; (task 1: location search, task 2: alert settings, and task 3: map settings). In task 4, they evaluated two types of weather alert messages: original National Weather Service (NWS) messages vs. filtered (proposed) messages. By recording users’ completion time on the search tasks, the results showed that the time of the typing in text bar method for task 1 was significantly less than the pin on map method, while much more time was required to complete tasks 2 and 3 by the untrained users compared to the trained users. It was also revealed that the proposed messages were more effective than the original messages by both user groups. This research of user-centered designs provides a foundation to support the designs of time-critical mobile alert systems.

Design of smart tools to support pre- and intra-operative use of surgical navigation systems

In this paper we present novel solutions to support the application of computer assisted surgical interventions in which optical surgical navigation systems based on stereo cameras are used. The objective is to improve both the pre-operative setup and the intra-operative use of the navigation system. Following a short introduction describing the potential for improvements of existing navigation systems new approaches and the components to implement them are described. The pre-operative alignment of the stereo camera is made easier by attaching a small graphic display to its tripod which can show how much of the operating area is covered by the measurement volume of the camera. The intra-operative application is improved by a mechanism for motorized camera motions in order to follow the position of surgical instruments. Furthermore a small display can be attached to a surgical instrument which clearly indicates to the surgeon how to guide the instrument in order to stay on the planned trajectory.