Abdominal wall endometriosis: an update in clinical, imagistic features, and management options

Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a rare condition defined by the presence of endometrial tissue in the subcutaneous fatty layer and the muscles of the abdominal wall. It is usually caused by the dissemination of endometrial tissue in the wound at the time of obstetrical and gynecological surgeries. AWE is rare and difficult to diagnose. The most frequent clinical presentation is that of a palpable subcutaneous mass near surgical scars associated with cyclic pain and swelling during menses. AWE may be an underreported pathology partly because it has scarcely received attention in the radiologic literature. Its frequency is expected to rise along with the increasing rate of cesarean deliveries; thus, it is important that physicians or sonographers are familiar with this pathology. The purpose of our review is to present the latest data regarding risk factors, clinical and imagisticfindings, and management of AWE.

Anterosuperior Glenoid Impingement Syndrome

Anterosuperior glenoid impingement is a well documented cause of shoulder pain. It occurs when there is deep tearing of the subscapularis, with fibers becoming embedded between the anterosuperior glenoid and humeral head. To our knowledge, this has not been described in radiologic literature and we present MRI findings depicting this entity

Organizing Pneumonia by Paragonimiasis and Coexistent Aspergilloma Manifested as a Pulmonary Irregular Nodule

Organizing pneumonia by paragonimiasis and coexistent aspergilloma as a pulmonary nodule is a rare case of lung disease. Its radiographic or CT feature has not been described before in the radiologic literature. We present organizing pneumonia by paragonimiasis and coexistent aspergilloma manifested as a pulmonary irregular nodule on CT.

Acute Lobar Nephronia: A Review

Acute lobar nephronia was described by Rosenfield et al1 in 1979. Subsequently, numerous reports2-5have appeared in the radiologic literature. Also called acute focal bacterial nephritis, this newly defined condition has only recently been described in the pediatric literature.6,7 Because of the focal nature of acute lobar nephronia, it may be confused with an intrarenal abscess. This is especially true when the usual imaging techniques used to investigate urinary tract infections are applied. Acute lobar nephronia is an acute, nonsuppurative renal infection that represents progression of acute pyelonephritis. Because of major differences in the management of acute lobar nephronia and intrarenal abscess, it is important to distinguish these two conditions.

Assessment of Collicular Fractures of the Medial Malleous

Collicular fractures of the medial malleolus have been described in literature as early as 1950 by Bonnin 1 and then by Pankovich 9 in 1979, yet have been given relatively little attention in orthopaedic and radiologic literature. A precise knowledge of the anatomy of the deltoid ligament, and anterior and posterior colliculi in relation to obtained radiographs is important in the determination of whether a fracture is considered to be stable or unstable, and thus bears an impact on its treatment. The intent of this discussion is to review the structures which comprise the medial malleolus and the assessment of their involvement in acute injury.