ANALYSIS THE EFFECT OF PRIMARY COIL LENGTH OF TRANSFORMATOR TO THE RESULTED ELECTROMOTIF FORCE

Transformator is an electrical device that uses a principle of solenoid wrapped in kern, and there are usually two or more coils. Each coil of the taranformator is electromagnetically connected. The transformator is made to fulfill the specific level of voltage required in the devices or systems that use alternating current electrical energy. For example, transformator tap change is design to have different number of primary turns to produce a fixed output voltage, in term there is a changing in the input voltage. This research tries to analyze the effect of the length of primary coil difference of transformator to the voltage resulted in the secondary coil. The objective of the study is producing a relationship of primary coil length variation to the resulting voltage. Variation of coil length is made from 1 cm to 15 cm with interval of 1 cm coil length. The length of the secondary coil is also varied imto 3 cm, 6 cm, and 9 cm. The test is performed by providing the same input voltage at each variation of the primary coil length and then measure the output voltage. The results show that the longer primary coil will produce the smaller output voltage in the secondary coil of tranformator. Based on the resulted graph, the relationship of the length variant of primary coil is linear to the voltage measured in the secondary coil.with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9603, 0.9775, and 0.9822 respectively forlength of 3 cm, 6 cm, and 9 cm of the secondary coil.

ZMAC+ – An Efficient Variable-output-length Variant of ZMAC

There is an ongoing trend in the symmetric-key cryptographic community to construct highly secure modes and message authentication codes based on tweakable block ciphers (TBCs). Recent constructions, such as Cogliati et al.’s HaT or Iwata et al.’s ZMAC, employ both the n-bit plaintext and the t-bit tweak simultaneously for higher performance. This work revisits ZMAC, and proposes a simpler alternative finalization based on HaT. As a result, we propose HtTBC, and call its instantiation with ZHash as a hash function ZMAC+. Compared to HaT, ZMAC+ (1) requires only a single key and a single primitive. Compared to ZMAC, our construction (2) allows variable, per-query parametrizable output lengths. Moreover, ZMAC+ (3) avoids the complex finalization of ZMAC and (4) improves the security bound from Ο(σ2/2n+min(n,t)) to Ο(q/2n + q(q + σ)/2n+min(n,t)) while retaining a practical tweak space.

The effect of Chamfer to the Tensile Strength of Steel Jis S45cr Friction Welding Joints

Friction welding is a joining process that utilizes the force of pressure and heat from the friction to melt the tip of the workpiece in order to be connected The research has been conducted to measure the influence of the length of one side chamfer to the characteristic of the tensile strength of steel JIS45Cr friction welding joints.The research was conducted by experimental method with rotation speed 1800 rpm, time kept at 50 seconds, load used was 3.5 kg, chamfer angle was 30º and the length chamfer were 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm and 11 mm. The tensile test conducted to find the effect of the chamfer length.The result of the research concluded that the highest tensile test on length variant of 7 mm, it was 97.3505 kN/mm2 and the lowest on 3 mm was 92.9868 kN/mm2. It is proved that the chamfer length effect to thee tensile strength of friction welding.

Identification of Three Novel Splicing Variants and Expression Analysis of Chicken GPR1 Gene

GPR1is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays critical roles in eukaryotic cells: typically, response to glucose stimulation, lipid accumulation, and transmitting nutrition signals to cAMP pathway. However, the alternative splicing of theGPR1gene and its expression pattern in chicken tissues and ovarian follicles were unknown. In our current study, we used RACE-PCR to identify threeGPR1variants, including the full-length variant (GPR1-va1) and two alternatively spliced variants (GPR1-va2,GPR1-vb). Quantitative real-time PCR examined the expression pattern ofGPR1mRNA in chicken tissues and ovarian follicles. The result reveals that the coding sequence of the three variants cDNA is 1053, 1053, and 627 bp in length, encoding 350, 350, and 208 amino acids, respectively. The three variants ofGPR1show similar tissue distributions;GPR1expression was abundant in the abdominal fat, lung, and heart. With the follicular development, the expression ofGPR1gene gradually increased, andGPR1-va1andGPR1-va2spliced variants expression in F2 were significantly higher than in F5, F4, and prehierarchical follicles (P<0.05). Taken together, we found three novel variants ofGPR1, and the results ofGPR1expression profiling in adipose tissues and ovarian follicles suggest thatGPR1may play a significant role in the lipid accumulation and progression of follicular development.

An Accurate Spatial Discretization and Substructure Method With Application to Moving Elevator Cable-Car Systems—Part II: Application

This paper uses the methodology developed in Part I of this work to study the longitudinal, transverse, and their coupled vibrations of moving elevator cable-car systems. A suspension cable is a one-dimensional length-variant distributed-parameter component. When there is only one suspension cable connected to the car, the car is modeled as a point mass. When there are multiple suspension cables, the car is modeled as a rigid body, and the rotation of the car is considered. There are complicated matching conditions between the cable and car, which cannot be satisfied in the classical assumed modes method but can be satisfied in the current method. Hence, not only the longitudinal and transverse displacements but also the internal forces/moment, such as the axial force, the bending moment, and the shear force, which are related to the spatial derivatives of the longitudinal and transverse displacements, are accurately calculated. The results from different choices of boundary motions and trial functions are essentially the same, and the convergence is much faster than that of the assumed modes method. The longitudinal-transverse coupled vibrations of a moving cable-car system are also studied using the current method, and the results are compared with those from the linear models. While the result from the linear model for the transverse vibration agrees well with that from the nonlinear coupled model, the axial force from the linear model can significantly differ from that from the nonlinear model when the car approaches the top of the hoistway.

The Optimization Model and its Algorithms for Multiple Transportation Modes Selection in the Fourth Party Logistics

Each transport mode owns itself technical economy. On the basis of multiple transport mode selection, the paper presents the route optimization model for single-task from one origination to one destination in the fourth party logistics, and gives the solution of Genetic Algorithms. In the algorithms, a length-variant encoding scheme of round number is adopted to represent the selected route, and idea that keeps the best individual is used. The results of experiments show that Genetic Algorithms can solve the route optimization problem based on the selection of multiple transport modes in the fourth party logistics conveniently and effectively.

Narrowband Emitter Identification by Exploiting Gaussian Mixture Model

Narrowband emitter identification is used to correctly identify unknown narrowband emitters from the results of direction finding (DF). In this paper, we modeled the set of azimuth angles by a mixture of Gaussian densities, and divided narrowband emitter identification into two different stages. In the first stage, a competitive stop expectation-maximization (CSEM) algorithm was developed, which was based on Shapiro-Wilk test and minimum description length variant (MDL2) criterion. The CSEM only employed the estimated azimuth angles at all the signal-occupied frequency bins as feature parameters, while the frequency information implied in each cluster was not exploited sufficiently. So based on the implied frequency information, a postprocessing algorithm was introduced in the second stage. The experimental results show that the CSEM algorithm is more robust, and it has an increased capability to find the underlying model while maintaining a low execution time. By adopting CSEM and postprocessing algorithm in narrowband emitter identification, we are able to identify narrowband emitters with high correctness.