Clinical Study of Autologous Cartilage Transplantation Based on Nano-Hydroxyapatite in the Treatment of Talar Osteochondral Injury

Talus osteochondral damage is one of the common symptoms of chronic ankle pain in people’s lives. The cartilage regeneration and self-repair ability are extremely limited, the joint cartilage lesions are often accompanied by the lesions of the subchondral bone, and the subchondral bone lesions can affect the metabolism of the cartilage above it, which brings certain difficulties to clinical treatment. Traditional methods of treating cartilage damage include microfractures and drilling. Due to large trauma, inconsistent clinical efficacy reports, poor tissue repair results, and limited donor sources, etc., the application of traditional treatment methods in the clinic has been largely limited. Therefore, finding an ideal treatment method for bone injury has been a hot spot in clinical research in orthopedics. Studies have shown that autologous cartilage transplantation via nano-hydroxyapatite has become a new treatment model, providing new ideas for clinical treatment of talar osteochondral damage. Nano-hydroxyapatite and its composites have good histocompatibility, biological activity, and bone conductivity. They are an ideal bone defect repair material, and have been initially applied in clinical practice. The preparation of nano-hydroxyapatite, its biological characteristics and the repairing effect on the composite defect of osteochondral bone were studied experimentally, and its feasibility for repairing osteochondral damage was discussed. In this paper, the unique structure and properties of natural cartilage layers are studied. In combination with bionics theory and methods, nano-hydroxyapatite micro-particle composite samples are prepared by the gel method, and the bone-forming properties of nano-composites are measured by in vitro drug release experiments. To establish a model of infectious bone injury in New Zealand white rabbits, and nano-hydroxyapatite composites were implanted into local lesions of New Zealand white rabbit models by autologous cartilage transplantation, and evaluated by imaging, blood biochemistry, histology, infection control and bone repair. The experimental results show that using the unique physical and chemical and biological properties of nano-hydroxyapatite materials. It is innovatively introduced into the treatment of talar osteochondral defects caused by open fractures. It has been proven in vitro and in vivo experiments that nano-hydroxyapatite materials can be used. As an ideal tissue engineering scaffold for the treatment of talar osteochondral defects, this provides a new way to solve clinical orthopedic problems using new nanomaterials.

The use of collagen-coated polypropylene meshes for nasal reconstructive surgery

Reconstructive surgery of the abdominal and thoracic wall frequently utilizes various materials in order to repair large defects. Polypropylene meshes are an example. In nasal reconstructive surgery they are rarely used for cartilage restoration. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of the collagen-coated polypropylene meshes in nasal reconstructive surgery, as they are easy-to-use materials, with reduced incidence of foreign body reactions and with a very small price compared with other compounds. We conducted a literature review on the usage of the collagen-coated polypropylene meshes which also includes a comparison with other types of materials applied for nasal cartilage reconstruction. Moreover, we performed a retrospec - tive study, on the patients hospitalized in the Plastic Surgery Department of the Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest. The best option and in the same time the gold standard for nasal cartilage reconstruction is considered to be autologous cartilage transplantation. In our clinic we observed good results when autologous septalor auricular cartilage grafts were used. Polypropylene is seldom used in nasal reconstructive surgery, having been conducted so far, a limited number of studies related to benefits and disadvantages of this type of material in the accomplishment of the medical devices used as a nasal implant. Polypropylene meshes are largely used in abdominal wall reconstruction and in the surgery for pelvic organ prolapse. In this surgical field, collagen-coated polypropylene meshes are also used, but future studies will demonstrate if they are effective enough in the nasal reconstructive surgery as well.

The Application of Tissue Engineering Cartilage and Bracket Constructed Biomaterials for Athletic Injury

The development of tissue engineering techniques for cartilage repair and regeneration provided a new way, according to their own characteristics and structure of the cartilage, as artificial cartilage replacement materials and scaffold materials should have good biomechanical properties. The effect of autologous cartilage transplantation is best in the field of articular cartilage repair, the study of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro tests and animal experiments was more, and the clinical application was less, which is still in the stage of exploration. Biomaterials material for tissue repair plays a more and more important role, especially in athletic injury.