THE ROLE OF ORTHODONTIC CARE IN THE COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF GLOSSECTOMY PATIENTS

n recent years, Russia has seen an increase in the incidence of malignant tumors of the mouth and throat, including tongue cancer. Surgical methods of treatment of cancer of such localization have a crippling character and inevitably lead to disruption of a number of vital functions, including the development of tooth-jaw deformities, which further deteriorates the quality of life of such patients. Timely prescription of orthodontic devices for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes allows to prevent the development of tooth jaw abnormalities and deformities, as well as to treat the already developed pathology.

Manifestações orofaciais associadas aos diferentes tipos de anemias

Introduction: Anemias correspond to hematological disorders that can present in the oral cavity and face. Objective: To review the literature on the main types of anemic disorders and their orofacial manifestations, considering the aspects of interest to dentists. Methodology: This is a literature review, in which articles were selected in Portuguese and English, indexed in the Scielo, Medline/Pubmed and Lilacs databases with the descriptors: Anemia, Oral Manifestations, Jaw Abnormalities and their correspondents in Portuguese language. Literature review: Anemic disorders associated with orofacial signs and symptoms include mainly Iron-Deficiency, Megaloblastic, Fanconis, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia and Aplastic Anemia. The manifestations vary from burning and painful symptoms in the tongue, pallor of lips and mucosa, stomatitis, atrophic glossitis, angular cheilitis, susceptibility to candidiasis and peri-odontal disease. Also, dental changes, hyposalivation, malocclusion, osteomyelitis of the jaw, paraesthesia of the mental nerve and orofacial pain are included. Conclusion: These manifestations can be the first signs of the presence of anemia, which gives the dentist an important role in early diagnosis and proper management of dental treatment.

Early Orthognathic Surgery: A Review

ABSTRACT Introduction Management of growing patients with severe developmental jaw abnormalities can be very difficult. Early surgical intervention may be warranted in situations where function (e.g., mastication, swallowing, breathing, or speech) and/or psychological well-being could be negatively affected. Many surgeons and orthodontists are reluctant to recommend a surgical treatment option for growing patients with severe developmental jaw abnormalities because of their age. Specific surgical procedures can be performed during growth to correct developmental jaw abnormalities with predictable results. A sound understanding of the facial growth and the effects of the surgical procedures on subsequent growth is essential when managing growing patients with severe developmental jaw abnormalities. Children with severely progressive congenital deficiencies affecting function/health should be distinguished from ones with severe developmental jaw abnormalities that can be managed later in life. In this review, we will focus on the management of growing patients with developmental jaw abnormalities who seek orthodontic treatment, rather than patients with progressive congenital deformities affecting function and/or health. How to cite this article Alwadei S. Early Orthognathic Surgery: A Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):250-256.

To the problem of planning of complex rehabilitation of patients with maxillofacial deformities (brief review)

Comprehensive treatment of gnato-cranial deformations is determined by morphological, functional and aesthetic criteria. The general plan of rehabilitation of patients with lower jaw abnormalities must take into account the objective and subjective decisions of tasks of therapy. The fundamental concepts of combination therapy should be based on the factors of symmetry, proportionality and compliance averaged standard visual appeal. The analysis of each factor involves the use of special methods of research. Protocol the patient´s rehabilitation must be based on all individual characteristics of the patient.

Prx1andPrx2are upstream regulators of sonic hedgehog and control cell proliferation during mandibular arch morphogenesis

The aristaless-related homeobox genes Prx1 and Prx2 are required for correct skeletogenesis in many structures. Mice that lack both Prx1 and Prx2 functions display reduction or absence of skeletal elements in the skull, face, limbs and vertebral column. A striking phenotype is found in the lower jaw, which shows loss of midline structures, and the presence of a single, medially located incisor. We investigated development of the mandibular arch of Prx1−/−Prx2−/− mutants to obtain insight into the molecular basis of the lower jaw abnormalities. We observed in mutant embryos a local decrease in proliferation of mandibular arch mesenchyme in a medial area. Interestingly, in the oral epithelium adjacent to this mesenchyme, sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression was strongly reduced, indicative of a function for Prx genes in indirect regulation of Shh. Wild-type embryos that were exposed to the hedgehog-pathway inhibitor, jervine, partially phenocopied the lower jaw defects of Prx1−/−Prx2−/− mutants. In addition, this treatment led to loss of the mandibular incisors. We present a model that describes how loss of Shh expression in Prx1−/−Prx2−/− mutants leads to abnormal morphogenesis of the mandibular arch.