Simultaneous Enhancement of Contrast and Power of Femtosecond Laser Pulses by Nonlinear Interferometer

We showed that the nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer may be used not only for enhancing temporal contrast, as proposed earlier, but also for increasing pulse power due to efficient pulse compression. The interferometer introduces into the output pulse a nonlinear phase equal to π/2. This allows increasing laser power by a factor of 1.5 only by means of a chirped mirror. Use of an additional nonlinear plate leads to a multi-fold power increase retaining the contrast enhancement.

Extendable mirrors to improve anesthesia provider comfort for eye and positioning checks in prone patients: A pilot study

Prone positioning is frequently used for spinal surgery and is associated with risks including perioperative visual loss and stroke. Frequent eye checks and careful neck positioning are recommended. In our hospital’s current model, anesthesia providers are required to kneel on the operating room floor beneath operating room table, exposing themselves to hazards such as bodily fluids and back and knee strain. This maneuver is both time consuming and unpleasant. While new devices that enable easier visualization of patients in the prone position exist, they are costly and not universally compatible with all operating room tables. Our objective for this feasibility pilot study was to determine if simple, extendable mirrors increase anesthetist comfort during these cases. A nonrandomized survey-based feasibility pilot study was performed, evaluating comfort while performing eye checks with extendable lighted mirrors compared to the standard kneeling practice. A total of 41 nurse anesthetists and anesthesiology residents were analyzed. A mixed model logistic regression demonstrates a three-fold improvement in comfort with the prone position after mirror use (OR = 3.34; 95% CI: 1.06–10.48; p = 0.039). The frequency of eye checks did not change significantly with introduction of the mirror. Use of the extendable mirror improves anesthesia provider comfort with patients in the prone position. We postulate that it may be a useful addition to our practice.