ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PELAYANAN JASA ALAT DAN MESIN PERTANIAN (UPJA) DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW TIMUR

This study aims to examine internal factors and external factors in developing a business in Alsintan Services (UPJA). And the formulation of strategy formulations in growing and developing business businesses in agricultural equipment services or UPJA. The research was conducted from July to August 2020. Located in three districts, namely Kotabunan District, Mooat District and Modayag District, Bolaang Mongondow Timur Regency. Sources of data in this study use primary and secondary data. Data analysis in this study uses the SWOT analysis method based on logic to be able to develop the maximum strength (strength) and opportunity (opportunity), but at the same time can also minimize weaknesses (weakness) and threats (threats). The results showed that the study of internal factors and external factors in the development of agricultural machine tool service business (UPJA), namely internal factors, namely the ability in company managerial and the experience of operators can be called strengths and also company administration in services to farmers and external factors of companies that participate in determining the direction of the development of agricultural equipment service businesses, namely government support, in this case the East Bolaang Mongondow Regency Agriculture Office and the potential for the availability of bank loans which are very supportive for the development of Agricultural Machine Tool Service Business Services (UPJA) as well as guarantee and ease of spare parts Then from the threat factor is the factor that gets attention, namely the low knowledge of farmers and farmers' capital for the use of alsintan. The formulation of the strategy for developing the Agricultural Machine Tool Service Business (UPJA) is an aggressive strategy or in quadrant I where the strategy used is all the strengths to take advantage of existing opportunities, as an alternative strategy to carry out socialization with the support of local governments through related agencies, fostering cooperation with farmers, increasing other agricultural business opportunities owned by UPJA, and increasing the availability of agricultural machinery.

Analysis of the Modification of Tool Surfaces by Abrasive Blasting and Laser Polishing

The surface treatment of tools plays an important role for the operational behaviour of forming processes. Up to now, industrial standard is the manual finishing of tool surfaces, which can lead to a varying quality of the surface finish and therefore influence the tool service life and the forming results. One method to perform the polishing operation automatically is to remelt the top layer of materials by laser polishing. This is accompanied by a considerable change in the material properties in this zone. Therefore, the effect of laser polishing with respect to the local modification of the tool surface is investigated in this study. The results of the investigations reveal that a precise adjustment of the laser parameters is required in order to reduce the roughness of the surface. The heat input also leads to a significant influence on the microstructure of the material. In this study laser polishing remelts the material up to a depth of approximately 20 µm. Furthermore, it can be observed that the heat input during the process results in a heat affected zone of up to a depth of 30 µm. As a contrast to laser polishing, abrasive blasting is investigated as a roughness increasing surface modification.

Tool Quality Life during Ball End Milling of Titanium Alloy Based on Tool Wear and Surface Roughness Models

The prediction and control of milling tool service performance is critical for milling tool design and machining. However, the existing prediction model can hardly quantify tool performance, or precisely describe the relationship between the tool performance and the design or milling parameters. This study redefines the tool lifetime as a function of surface roughness and proposes a new geometric analysis method based on a time-varying wear model. The proposed method can be utilized to evaluate the relationship between tool wear and lifetime. The surface roughness, with respect to tool service performance, is expressed as a time-varying model of the tool and processing parameters. After experimental validation, the influence factors were analyzed through simulation. A generalized method for milling tool design was proposed and successfully applied to a tool performance design case, on a theoretical level. Additionally, the research results prove that basing the tool milling quality life on the surface roughness is extremely feasible and necessary.

Effect of the Forming Zone Length on Helical Rolling Processes for Manufacturing Steel Balls

This paper begins with a brief overview of the methods for producing balls. It then discusses the rolling processes for producing balls in helical passes. Next, a method for designing tools for helical rolling (HR) is described. Six different cases of rolling using tools with helical passes of different lengths are modeled by the finite element method (FEM). The simulations are performed with the use of Simufact Forming version 13.3. Based on the 3D simulations, the distributions of effective strain, damage criterion, and temperature, as well as the variations in loads and torques, are determined. This study also predicts the rate and manner of wear of the helical tools, depending on the tool design. As a result, it has been found that an increased length of the helical forming passes is advantageous in terms of tool service life. It has also been found that excessive elongation of the forming zone is not cost-effective.

Estimation of Wear Depth as an Approach to Predict Tool Service Life in Cold Forming Process

Wear phenomenon is considered as a predominant parameter in the forming processes causing the shorten tool life which in turn increases the production costs. In this study, wear depth of tool components for multi-stages of metal shell of spark plug (MSSP) manufacturing was analyzed using Archard's model with FE simulation software. The 3D geometry models were built using SolidWorks software then the models files were exported to Simufact forming software to do the settings of preprocess and FE analysis. The cylinder compression test and ring compression test were executed to get the flow stress and frictional factor respectively. Product parts dimensions, forging loads, effective stress, relative sliding velocity and contact pressure were solved and discussed. Subsequently to verify the analysis acceptance, the actual product parts measurements which obtained by coordinate measuring machine (CMM), were compared with the simulation results. It was found that the deviations of actual MSSP geometry dimensions less than (4%). Also verification is performed to forging loads at each stage which gives a good agreement between actual and FE simulation results. Finally, the wear depth of tool components were calculated for each stage using the FE software. Based on the results of wear depth from simulation and tolerance rages of actual product parts, tool service lives were predicted to find the productivities for each tool component. The results of FE simulation were compared with the CMM measurements for known productivities tool components from actual production line, which gives a good accuracy and acceptable agreement

Generation of Tool-Life-Prolonging and Chatter-Free Efficient Toolpath for Five-Axis Milling of Freeform Surfaces

Short tool service life is always a major concern when milling hard materials, such as Ni-based superalloy. In the current research of tool life optimization in multi-axis machining of freeform surfaces, the focus is mostly on choosing suitable cutting parameters and better application of coolant. In this paper, aiming at averaging the tool wear on the entire cutting edge and hence prolonging the tool service life, we report a study on how to generate a multilayer toolpath with a varying tool lead angle for multi-axis milling of an arbitrary freeform surface from an initial raw stock. The generated toolpath is guaranteed to be free of chatter, which is well known for its detrimental effect on the cutting edge. In this study, we first experimentally construct the chatter stability lobe diagram, which reveals the relationship between the lead angle and the cutting depth. With the chatter stability lobe diagram as the major constraint, we then generate the machining toolpath by selecting a proper pair of the best lead angle and cutting depth along the toolpath. While the proposed algorithm currently is restricted to the iso-planar type of toolpath, it can be adapted to other types of milling. The physical cutting experiments performed by us have convincingly confirmed the advantage of the proposed machining strategy as compared to the conventional constant lead angle and constant cutting depth strategy—in our tests the maximum wear on the cutting edge is reduced by as much as 39%.

Machine Tool Service for Mass-Production Machining Systems

Mass-production machining systems that are comprised of machine tools are often configured in series by dividing the machining processes in order to manage the large production volume. This indicates that if one of the machines stops owing to a mechanical malfunction, the entire production line needs to be stopped. Thus, machine tools in mass-production systems are required to be highly reliable and easy to maintain. Predictive maintenance, which enables operators to detect any signs of failure in the machine tool components, needs to be performed for the machines as well. In this work, various approaches for the improvement of the maintainability of machine tools used in a mass-production system are reported.