Concept for soft sensor structure for turning processes of AISI4140

During turning of quenched and tempered AISI4140 surface layer states can be generated, which degrade the lifetime of manufactured parts. Such states may be brittle rehardened layers or tensile residual stresses. A soft sensor concept is presented in this work, in order to identify relevant surface modifications during machining. A crucial part of this concept is the measurement of magnetic characteristics by means of the 3MA-testing (Micromagnetic Multiparameter Microstructure and Stress Analysis). Those measurements correlate with the microstructure of the material, only take a few seconds and can be processed on the machine. This enables a continuous workpiece quality control during machining. However specific problems come with the distant measurement of thin surface layers, which are analyzed here. Furthermore the scope of this work is the in-process-measurement of the tool wear, which is an important input parameter of the thermomechanical surface load. The availability of the current tool wear is to be used for the adaption of the process parameters in order to avoid detrimental surface states. This enables new approaches for a workpiece focused process control, which is of high importance considering the goals of Industry 4.0.

Measurement of "Reed to Room"-Transfer Functions

A method is proposed here to synthesize the acoustic response of a room to a musical reed wind instrument with tone holes played by a musician. The procedure uses convolution of a) two measured pulse responses and b) the mouthpiece pressure during playing. The novelty of the approach is to include the sound radiation directivity of the source in the impulse response measurement of the room by using the wind instrument's air column as an exciter. At the reed input end of the air column pressure pulses at typical peak pressures of several kilopascals are generated using a compressor and a solenoid valve, which provides a high SNR even at distant measurement positions. For auralization purpose, the source signal measurement is done very close to the sound generation locus, i.e. inside the mouthpiece. Because this measurement is largely insensitive to room acoustics, the proposed method can be considered a very convenient alternative to music recordings in anechoic conditions. As a proof of concept we report here experimental results for the case of a bassoon. The method can be extended to auralizations of reed and lip-reed musical instruments in virtual acoustic scenes, and sheds light on the importance of the reflective and radiative properties of the air column for the sound coloration.

Randomness and Non-Locality

The concepts of randomness and non-locality are intimately intertwined outcomes of randomly chosen measurements over entangled systems exhibiting non-local correlations are, if we preclude instantaneous influence between distant measurement choices and outcomes, random. In this paper, we survey some recent advances in the knowledge of the interplay between these two important notions from a quantum information science perspective.

Subsystem measurement in unitary quantum measurement theory with redundant entanglement

Measurement of a degenerate (or non-degenerate) discrete observable is investigated in the framework of quantum measurement theory short of collapse, i.e. premeasurement theory, based on a unitary evolution operator that includes the measurement interaction between object and measuring instrument. A pointer observable with eigen-projectors of, in general, many (or even infinitely) dimensional ranges is introduced as a new approach. It leads to redundant entanglement in the final state. As the first main result, the basic dynamical relation of the approach is derived. It is shown to be equivalent to the calibration condition, which is known to define general exact measurement. The latter is given a practical form. Complete measurement (premeasurement with objectification or collapse), which is in some sense implied by the premeasurement theory, performed on a subsystem of a bipartite object in a pure state is studied with particular attention to its effect on the opposite, interactionally unaffected subsystem. The change of state of the latter is derived for exact complete subsystem measurement, and it is shown that the change is the same as for the simplest, i.e. ideal measurement (this is the second main result). It is applied to the case of twin observables and thus distant measurement obtains a new, more satisfactory, foundation (the third main result). Distant measurement is a basic concept in the EPR phenomenon. The well-known importance of the latter implies importance of the former.

The Research of the CO2 Wireless Monitoring System Based on TC35

As the development of carbon diocide sensors and communication technology, the method for monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide is more and more advanced, especially the traditonal methods have the disadvantage of the low accuracy and inconvenience on use. This paper puts forward a wireless sensor networks based on TC35 module and the method of the signal transmitting. Through the application of wireless technology, the MCU could send the carbon diocide concentration data from the carbon diocide sensor which is based on the NDIR technology to the process module, and the system could achieve the distant measurement of the carbon diocide displayed on the LED. Comparing with wire monitor system, wireless monitor system omits linking lines and it has good application prospect.

The Research of the CO2 Wireless Monitoring System Based on nRF401

As the development of carbon diocide sensors and communication technology, the method for monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide is more and more advanced, especially the traditonal methods have the disadvantage of the low accuracy and inconvenience on use. This paper puts forward a wireless sensor networks based on nRF401 chip and the method of the signal transmitting. Through the application of wireless technology, the MCU could send the carbon diocide concentration data from the carbon diocide sensor which is based on the NDIR technology to the process module, and the system could achieve the distant measurement of the carbon diocide displayed on the LED. Comparing with wire monitor system, wireless monitor system omits linking lines and it has good application prospect.