Incidence of Her2/neu receptor positive results in breast cancer cases in Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital

Back ground: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women. HER2 is a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase. It belongs to a family of four receptors (EGFR/HER1, HER2, HER3, HER4) that are involved in regulating cell growth, survival and differentiation. Structural studies revealed that HER2 is always in an active conformation and ready to interact with the ligand-activated HER receptors, before the advent of HER2-directed therapies, this increased level of HER2 was associated with high recurrence rates and increased mortality in patients with node-positive and node-negative disease. Aim of study: To calculate the incidence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive results in addition to its relation to estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor results in breast cancer cases in AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital and compare our results to regional and international results. Patients and Methods: Analysis of a prospectively collected clinical database was performed. We included 40 patients who had mastectomy for stage one to stage three breast cancer cases, from October 2018 to October 2019, where by complete receptor information were done. Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization test had been requested. The corresponding H&E-stained slides from all cases were reviewed. Unstained tissue sections containing tumor, as well as adjacent normal breast parenchyma when possible and corresponding to those used for the Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization test were selected from each case for immunohistochemical staining, comparison with regional and international results was done. Results: Total number of cases collected was 40 cases of breast cancer; they were investigated for human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 in addition to estrogen and progesterone receptors. Age of the patients ranged from 30 to 69 years (mean, 49.27 years). HER2/ neu positive cases were (8) (20%) of cases, and negative cases were (32) (80%), in addition to a statically significant relation to ER and PR receptor results. Conclusion: The incidence of human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 positive at AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital was 20%, estrogen receptors \ progesterone receptors positive was (57.5%) and the relation between these receptors was statistically significant.

Incidence of Her2/neu receptor positive results in breast cancer cases in Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital

Back ground: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women. HER2 is a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase. It belongs to a family of four receptors (EGFR/HER1, HER2, HER3, HER4) that are involved in regulating cell growth, survival and differentiation. Structural studies revealed that HER2 is always in an active conformation and ready to interact with the ligand-activated HER receptors, before the advent of HER2-directed therapies, this increased level of HER2 was associated with high recurrence rates and increased mortality in patients with node-positive and node-negative disease. Aim of study: To calculate the incidence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive results in addition to its relation to estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor results in breast cancer cases in AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital and compare our results to regional and international results. Patients and Methods: Analysis of a prospectively collected clinical database was performed. We included 40 patients who had mastectomy for stage one to stage three breast cancer cases, from October 2018 to October 2019, where by complete receptor information were done. Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization test had been requested. The corresponding H&E-stained slides from all cases were reviewed. Unstained tissue sections containing tumor, as well as adjacent normal breast parenchyma when possible and corresponding to those used for the Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization test were selected from each case for immunohistochemical staining, comparison with regional and international results was done. Results: Total number of cases collected was 40 cases of breast cancer; they were investigated for human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 in addition to estrogen and progesterone receptors. Age of the patients ranged from 30 to 69 years (mean, 49.27 years). HER2/ neu positive cases were (8) (20%) of cases, and negative cases were (32) (80%), in addition to a statically significant relation to ER and PR receptor results. Conclusion: The incidence of human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 positive at AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital was 20%, estrogen receptors \ progesterone receptors positive was (57.5%) and the relation between these receptors was statistically significant.

Combination and Improvement of Conventional DNA Extraction Methods in Actinobacteria

I. Background: DNA extraction is an important step of any molecular experiment, in conjunction with the members of Actinomycetes, DNA couldn’t be quickly extracted by the usual methods of lysis. Due to the low efficiency of most of the conventional DNA extraction techniques, development of an effective techniques for DNA extraction of Actinobacteria in emergency case seems to be necessary. Since, most of the known DNA extraction techniques and commercial kits do not have sufficient efficiency in the extraction of DNA from a different group of Actinobacteria, the objective of this study was to improvement an efficient method from conventional methods for DNA extraction from Actinobacteria. II. Methods and Results: For this purpose, DNA extraction was performed by five methods (an improvedmethod, Invisorb Spin Plant Mini Kit, EZ-10 Spin Column, phenol-chloroform method and Kirby Bauer's method). To evaluate the quantity and quality of extracted genomic DNA, UV absorbance of all samples and efficiency of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were evaluated. Overall, the results showed the highest quantity of DNA (up to 4000 ng/µl) was obtained by employing introduced DNA extraction method, also yielding good quality. III. These results indicate the recently introduced improved method is more efficient for extraction of DNA from Actinobacteria for DDH (DNA–DNA hybridization) test and for those they require the high concentration of DNA.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Breast With MAML2 Rearrangement: A Case Report and Literature Review

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in salivary glands. In comparison, breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a very rare entity, with limited reports and understanding of its clinical behaviors to date. In this article, we report a case of low-grade breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma of a 60-year-old female patient. Histologic and immunohistochemical patterns were demonstrated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization test was also conducted to identify MAML2 rearrangement in this case, indicating a similar molecular abnormality as mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the salivary gland. Five-year follow-up of the patient showed no local recurrence or distant metastasis of the carcinoma, indicating the indolent behavior of low-grade breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Besides, a 40-year literature review from 1979 to 2019 was also performed to better characterize the prognosis and molecular abnormalities of the lesion.