SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF TABLETS OF PIROXICAM USING MELTED NIACINAMIDE AS SOLVENT

In the present research work, a novel method for spectrophotometric estimation of piroxicam tablets using melted niacinamide as solvent was developed. The main objective of the research is to show that solids also possess solubilizing power. The current study deals with a novel spectrophotometric analytical technique for quantitative estimation of piroxicam in tablets using melted niacinamide as solvent. According to the theory proposed by Maheshwari, each & every substance possesses solubilising power; the substance may be a gas, solid or liquid. Niacinamide imbibes large solubilizing power to piroxicam and having approximate solubility 110 mg per gm of melted niacinamide (135°C) whereas aqueous solubility of piroxicam is 0.40 mg/ml at room temperature. Niacinamide does not interfere above 300 nm in the spectrophotometric analysis. Calibration curve of piroxicam was plotted by recording the absorbances of standard solutions of the drug (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 µg). The absorbances were observed at 358 nm against respective reagent blanks. The percent label claims were found very close to 100.0 (99.08 ±1.764 and 100.93 ±1.303) indicating the accuracy of the proposed method. Percent recoveries estimated by the proposed method are close to 100.0 (99.92 ±1.605 to 101.74 ±1.663) with signicant low values of percentage deviation and standard error. Thus, it may be concluded that the proposed method is simple, safe, and precise, and excludes the use of toxic organic solvents.

''Eco-friendly extraction using solids'' - A novel application of mixed solvency concept

As per the mixed solvency concept (proposed by Dr. R.K. Maheshwari), each and every substance present on the earth has got solubilizing property i.e. all the liquids, gases and solids possess solubilizing power. In the mixed solvency concept, each substance is a solubilizer. We know that all the liquids (matter in liquid state at room temperature) are known as solvents. No solvent is universal solvent. We can say that all the solvents are good solvents for some solutes and bad solvents for other solutes. Similarly, all gases and solids have good solubilizing power for some solutes and bad solubilizing power for other solutes. Organic solvents have innumerous adverse effects. Such organic solvents should be replaced by other eco-friendly alternative sources. The main objective of this research work is to provide a novel idea to the researchers that solids can also be employed for extraction of active constituents from powders of roots, leaves, seeds, fruits, bark of plants etc. In the present investigation, sesame oil has been extracted from powdered seeds of sesame using solubilizing powers of two solids, thymol and menthol using different methods. Melted thymol (temperature about 50°C), melted menthol (temperature about 45°C) were observed to have very good solubility for sesame oil. Therefore, they were used for extraction of sesame oil. Ethanol was found to be bad solvent for sesame oil. Thymol and menthol improved the solubility of sesame oil in ethanol and helped in extraction. Thymol and menthol are easily removed at about 80°C. Organic solvents are removed from extracts by suitable methods like heating, vacuum distillation etc. These solids (menthol and thymol) are also removable. Also, they can be recollected using suitable methods for recycling purposes. Keywords: Extraction, mixed solvency concept, sesame oil, menthol, thymol, eutectic liquid, solubilizer

Spectrophotometric analysis of tablets of nalidixic acid using melted niacinamide as solvent

In the current attempt of research, novel method for spectrophotometric estimation of nalidixic acid in tablets using melted niacinamide as solvent was developed. The main objective behind research is to show “SOLIDS ALSO POSSESS SOLUBILIZING POWER”. The current study deals with novel spectrophotometric analytical technique for quantitative estimation of nalidixic acid in tablets using melted niacinamide as solvent. According to the theory proposed by Maheshwari, each & every substance possesses solubilising power; substance may be a gas, solid or liquid. Niacinamide imbibes large solubilizing power to nalidixic acid and having approximate solubility more than 80 mg per gm of melted niacinamide (135°C) whereas aqueous solubility of nalidixic acid is 0.21mg/ml at room temperature. Calibration curve of nalidixic acid was plotted by recording the absorbances of standard solutions of drug. The absorbances were observed at 330 nm against respective reagent blanks. The percentage label claims were found very close to 100 (100.93± 1.303 and 99.08±1.764) indicating accuracy of the proposed method. Percentage recoveries estimated by the proposed method are close to 100 (99.91±1.303 and 101.74±1.663) with significant low values of percentage deviation and standard error. Thus, it may be concluded that proposed method is simple, safe and precise and excludes use of toxic organic solvents. Keywords: Mixed Solvency, Solubilizing Power, Spectrophotometric Analysis, Niacinamide, Nalidixic Acid.

Research on the Preparation of Fir Bacterial Fertilizer Using Biological Material

The azotobacter bacteria and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are separated and filtered from the rhizosphere soil of the fir plantation and the enzyme activity of azotobacter bacteria, the solubilizing power of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and the characteristics of PGPR bacteria to produce IAA are measured in this paper. The results show that: there are 5 of the 16 azotobacter bacteria whose enzyme activity is greater than 150 nmol•mL-1•h-1, respectively NGJ-4, NGX-5, NGX-4, NGX-8 and NGJ-8. Py16, Py10 and Py3 own the strongest capacity to dissolve organic phosphorus, respectively 71.31 mg / L, 59.07 mg of / L and 65.14 mg / L; Pw10，Pw6 and Pw20 own the strongest capacity to dissolve inorganic phosphorus, respectively 232.0 mg/L，185.9 mg/L，172.6 mg/L. Py18，Py16 and Py3 own the strongest capacity to produce IAA and dissolve the organic phosphorus bacteria, respectively 38.80mg / L, and 37.29mg / L, and 35.79mg / L; Pw6, Pw8 and Pw21 own the strongest capacity to produce IAA and dissolve the inorganic phosphorus bacteria, respectively 45.340 mg/L, 39.340 mg/L, 27.480 mg/ L. Based on these results, the strains of NGJ-4, NGX-5 and NGJ-8 are selected to prepare the microbial compound bacterial fertilizer using Py16, Py3 and Pw6. Then the azotobacter bacteria, organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is respectively diluted to the solution with the ratio of 15%, and then mix them with the volume proportion of 1.5:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid; the proportion of solid carrier ash is 20%, the proportion of fermentation medium is 50%, and the proportion of the mixed bacteria liquid is 30%.