Substantiation of reducing gas emissions from industrial wastewater treatment plants of a fish plant

The release of foul-smelling substances polluting the atmosphere from animal husbandry complexes, facilities for processing agricultural products (animal raw materials and aquaculture), as well as from treatment facilities of the listed facilities is a discussed topic among specialized specialists and the media since it turns out to be the cause of complaints from the population living in the immediate area. Based on a brief literature review of scientific works on topics related to gaseous emissions from livestock and poultry complexes, experimental studies were carried out to substantiate the reduction of gas emissions based on determining the quantitative and qualitative compositions and components of the gas-air mixture above the surface of the waste liquid in the sewage treatment facilities of the fish plant. Based on the results obtained, a technology based on sorption purification was proposed to reduce the number of emissions. The use of natural materials is proposed as a sorbent, which is a major benefit.

Application of the Organic Waste-Based Sorbent for the Purification of Aqueous Solutions

The effective purification of large-capacity wastewater from heavy non-ferrous metals and organic pollutants using inexpensive sorption technology remains a crucial task. Analyzing the current objectives of sustainable development, biochar obtained from chicken manure has prospects as a source for sorption purification of industrial wastewater. To determine the characteristics of organic material and the composition of the initial and equilibrium phases, the following analysis methods were used: volumetric, complexometric, pH-metric, X-ray fluorescence, chromatographic, spectrophotometric, luminescence-photometric and X-ray diffraction. The thermal nitrogen desorption method was used for determining the specific surface area and pore sizes with the Quantachrome Nova 1000e automatic analyzer. The sorption properties of the reprocessing product of the fresh poultry manure were investigated in relation to organic and inorganic compounds: phenols, benzene, ketones, cations of lead, mercury, manganese and iron. Based on the results obtained, technical conditions were developed for the use of the reprocessed organic waste-based product as a sorption material for household, industrial and technological wastewater purification from organic and inorganic components.

SORPTION PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER FROM ORGANIC DYES USING GRANULATED BLAST-FURNACE SLAG

The properties of granulated blast-furnace slag from “ArcelorMittal Krivoy Rog”, which stipulate its sorption activity, have been determined. The following minerals were identified in the slag fractions: akermanite Ca2MgSi2O7, helenite Ca2Al(Al,Si)2O7, rankinite Ca3Si2O7, pseudowollastonite CaSiO3, merwinite Ca3MgSi2O8, microcline КAlSi3O8, calcite CaCO3, aldhamite CaS with > 50% of calcium and magnesium aluminosilicates. Some phases are in an amorphous sorption-active state. The expediency of activation with water for 1 day is shown, due to which hydroxyl and silanol groups are formed and dissociated on the surface with the formation of a negative charge on the surface of slag particles, which is typical for Ca and Mg aluminosilicates as well as minerals calcite and aldhamite. The shape of the adsorption isotherm indicates the formation of polymolecular layers of the methylene blue (MB) organic dye, which increases the efficiency of the slag sorbent. The adsorption value of MB is not less than 2 mg/g. There is obviously no desorption of MB from the slag, which ensures the safety of both the disposal of the waste sorbent and its utilization as a filler for construction materials. The radiation safety of the slag has been proven. The specific effective activity of slag fractions does not exceed 370 Bq/kg, which allows using them as technical materials without restrictions. A technological scheme of adsorption purification of wastewaters from organic synthesis enterprises and textile industry containing organic dyes, is suggested using a slag sorbent. The stages of the technological process are the following: receiving the slag from the dump, analysis of the mineral composition of the slag, water activation of the slag, static sorption of dyes in the sump, further utilization of the slag and the inflow of purified water into the primary production. The technology provides for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater and its repeated usage, which ensures the closed cycle of water reuse, no need for chemical reagents for the activation of the slag sorbent, improvement of the environmental situation in the locations of the slag dumps due to the use of slags as sorbents.

Feasibility of Applying Alkaline-Earth Metal Carboaluminates for Bayer Process Aluminate Solution Purification from Organic Impurities

The article is devoted to the problems of aluminate solutions sorption purification from harmful organic impurities in the production of alumina from the Bayer experiment. The study of sorption of basic classes of organic impurities isolated from industrial aluminate solutions showed that magnesium and calcium hydrocarboaluminates have a high selectivity in relation to the most harmful classes of organic substances for the process. The results of the sorption process kinetics and thermodynamics studies are given, optimal technological parameters of sorption purification and conditions for the synthesis of active sorbents from alkaline aluminate solutions and activated magnesium and calcium raw materials are determined.

Purification of water and fertile soil with bentonite-like clays of the Belgorod Region

This paper presents the results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of sorption purification of aquatic medium and fertile soils using native forms of bentonite clays of deposits in the Belgorod region (Russia) from heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Pb2+) and radionuclides (137Cs, 85Sr, 233U и 239Pu). It was revealed that during the sorption of heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+ и Cr3+) from model water systems, the most absorbing activity is shown by the natural clays of the Polyana and Nelidovka deposits, which have almost the same ability to absorb heavy metal ions. The purification efficiency of the model aqueous solutions from these cations taken at an initial concentration of 0.1 mmol/l reaches 95%. It was established that the natural clay of the Polyana deposit is also an effective sorbent for the purification of solutions from cesium radionuclides. In terms of sorption ability, the studied sample is 5 times superior to natural clinoptilolite, which is most often used to purify solutions from radiocesium.. It was revealed that with an increase in the amount of added sorbents, the detoxification effect is increased, that is, the content of heavy metals in the green mass decreases.

Optimization of dose calculation of modified magnetite during sorption purification of water from copper ions to create environmentally friendly technology

Due to the growth of man-caused pollution, there is a need to use modern methods of water purification. It is advisable to use sorption methods for the extraction of heavy metals, which are considered to be particularly dangerous. It is established that sorbents based on magnetite are quite effective in the extraction of copper ions. It is shown that the sorption capacity of magnetite-based sorbents towards copper ions depends on the ratio of concentrations of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in the reaction mixture, and increases with increasing this indicator from 1/2 to 2. The sorption capacity of the sorbent towards copper ions increases by 4.4 times. It is shown that the efficiency of copper ions removal onto magnetite increases for sorbent modified with sodium sulfide. The proposed scheme provides the possibility of sorption treatment of large volumes of water from copper ions to the norms for the discharge of wastewater into fishery reservoirs. Post-productional magnetite is dehydrated and supplied to metallurgical enterprises for processing. The developed technology of water purification from copper ions is environmentally safe and energy efficient.

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE TRADITIONAL COCARBOXYLASE SORPTION PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY

This work presents the results of experiments of cocarboxylase sorption from a model solution on sorbents of various structures under static and dynamic conditions. The sorbent was selected for the development of a sorption-chromatographic method for the isolation of cocarboxylase from a mixture of thiamine esters.

Sorption Purification of Sewage from Aromatic Nitro Compounds

The possibility of using activated carbons in wastewater treatment from aromatic nitrophenols and nitrosulfonic acids was investigated. The main parameters of the adsorption process that provide the maximum degree of purification are determined: the amount of activated carbon and the pH of mother solutions. The method of regeneration of the extracted activated carbon by treatment with sodium hydroxide solution was studied, the optimal conditions of extraction were determined.

A Study of the Adsorption of Ni2+ Ions by Modified Peanut Processing Wastes

The sorption purification of model solutions from Ni2+ ions was studied using, as sorption materials, ground peanut peel of the original and heat-treated at a temperature of 250 °C and 350 °C. Isotherms of adsorption of Ni2+ ions by sorption materials were constructed in the range of initial concentrations up to 1000 mg/dm3 of the initial and thermally modified peanut peel. Isotherms are processed in the framework of the Langmuir, Freundlich and BET models. The kinetics of adsorption of Ni2+ ions by the initial and heat-treated peanut peel was studied. It was experimentally determined that the maximum sorption capacity of the initial peanut peel at an initial concentration of Ni2+ 1000 mg/dm3 ions is 0.6 mmol/g, and for annealed at 250 and 350 ° C – 0.66 and 0.78 mmol/g, respectively.