Three Disruptive Models of New Spatial Planning: “Attention”, “Surveillance” or “Sustainable” Capitalisms?

This paper compares and contrasts three disruptive models of potential and actual new kinds of spatial planning. These include “seasteading”, “smart neighbourhoods” and “renewable spatial systems”. Each is labelled with distinctive discursive titles, respectively: “Attention Capitalism”; “Surveillance Capitalism” and “Sustainable Capitalism” denoting the different lineaments of each, although they all have their origins in the Silicon Valley techno-entrepreneurial milieu. In each case, while the path dependences of trajectories have diverged the progenitors were often erstwhile business partners at the outset. The paper is interested in qualitative methodology and proposes “pattern recognition” as a means to disclose the deep psychological, sociological, political and economic levels that inform the surface appearances and functions of the diverse spatial planning modes and designs that have been advanced or inferred from empirically observable initiator practice. “Dark Triad” analysis is entailed in actualising psychological deep structures. Each of the three models is discussed and the lineaments of their initiators’ ideas are disclosed. Each “school” has a designated mentor(s), respectively: academic B. J. Fogg and venture capitalist Peter Thiel for “Attention Capitalism”, “smart city” planner Dan Doctoroff for “Surveillance Capitalism” and “renewable energineer” and Elon Musk for “Sustainable Capitalism”, the eventual winner of this existential “dark versus light triad” urban planning contest.

SEASONALITY DEDUCTION PLATFORM: FOR PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO, NO₂ AND O₃ IN RELATIONSHIP WITH WIND SPEED AND HUMIDITY

Human and ecosystem health is affected by the risk of air pollution. A comprehensive understanding of the parameters generating pollution and governing their nature in time is essential to devise functional policies focusing on minimising the concentration of the pollutants. The effect of pollution parameters on meteorological data and existing in between relationships, have been the focus of the researcher’s planning of better city future. Thorough study of resources utilisation is required for contributing to framing effective, sustainable development, government policies management, and advance public services convenience. For protecting the environmental quality, renewable resources like solar and wind are more incorporated in techniques supporting better city planning. This paper considers the hourly time series Particular Matter (PM) PM2.5 and PM10, Nitrogen Oxide (NO), and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Ozone (O3) along with measured wind flow and humidity. This study’s objective is to assess the temporal seasonality patterns of these parameters in Stuttgart, Germany. The temporal variations over the city center in Stuttgart are analysed using unsupervised approach to perform seasonal hierarchical clustering on a series of parameters NO, NO2, O3, PM10, and PM2.5, wind speed and humidity. Furthermore, the correlations between meteorological and pollution parameters are analysed using the Spearman rank correlation method. Moreover, a dashboard is developed to provide the user desired time frame visualisation of these parameters. Proposed work would provide empirical meaning and seasonality comparison among the above mentioned parameters combined with interactive dashboard support. The analyses of the presented results clearly demonstrates the relationship between air pollutants, wind, humidity together in combine temporal activities frame. Thus, it would help city planner and policies maker with advanced knowledge of seasonality for meteorological and pollution parameters conditions.

“Balance-Sheet” City: Martin Wagner and the Visualization of Statistical Data

Martin Wagner (1885-1957) was a leading city planner of the Weimar Republic and chief planner for Greater Berlin from 1926 to 1933. This essay addresses the role of statistical data visualizations in early twentieth-century planning and, specifically, in Wagner’s conception of the city as a financial organism subject to managerial-governmental intervention. I argue that for Wagner modern techniques of social data calculation and representation, such as the balance sheet and the graph, became key instruments of planning by translating urban territory into an avatar of the metropolitan economy. Heuristic devices, such “paper cities” of data also had a rhetorical function, both in Germany and in the United States, Wagner’s adoptive home after 1938—serving to publicize planning expertise and frame the discipline’s intellectual and political legitimation.

Collaborative planning for city development. A perspective from a city planner

A number of definitions related to collaborative governance have been developed since early 2000. The common characteristics of collaborative governance are, among others, policy consensus, community visioning, consensus rule-making, and collaborative network structures. Collaborative planning is a new paradigm of planning for a complex contemporary society through which it encourages people to be engaged in a dialogue in a situation of equal empowerment and shared information to learn new ideas through mutual understanding, to create innovative outcomes and to build institutional capacity. This indicates that collaborative planning can provide policy makers with more effective community participation. Collaborative process is the key of collaborative planning which also emphasizes the significant role of collaborative leadership. The process includes a participatory activity of dialogue oriented to the joint decision and summarized in a collaborative process. The collaborative leadership is crucial for setting and maintaining clear ground rules, building trust, facilitating dialogue, and exploring mutual gains. Along with the shift of planning paradigm, the role of city planner will also change since the city planning deals with the political process. In the political process, city planners must be able to perform as technocrats, bureaucrats, lawyers and politicians who always uphold their ethics because they are responsible to the society, the assignor for their integrity and professionalism.

Diminishing the Dread: Exploring service learning and student motivation

Dread is an unfortunate, yet all too common occurrence in the classroom. It often arises when a student has little motivation toward a class or its content. As an instructor of a traditionally “dreaded” class (Design History I), my goal was to seek ways to increase student motivation for the topic of design history and historic preservation. To do so, I designed a service learning project that incorporated Deci and Ryan’s Self-Determination Theory (1985, 2000), and its constructs of: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. During the project students worked with the local City Planner on designing a series of informational placemats to be used in downtown restaurants during Historic Preservation Month. Students were tasked with searching the town for buildings that merited inclusion, then photographing, and documenting their history. To do this, they worked in groups and applied for specific roles on the project (i.e. Editor-in-Chief, Copy Editor, Graphic Editor, or Information Scout). Following project completion, I collected surveys and student reflections to understand the project’s successes, failures, and any resulting changes in student motivation. This article describes my process of designing the project, its implementation, and my student’s perceptions following its completion. It is hoped that this design case may provide instructors in “dreaded” courses tools to increase long-term student motivation.

GRAPHICALLY ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION OBJECTS OF THE TRADE IN THE TOWN PLANNING STRUCTURE

In professional activities of an architect-city planner the important place is occupied by the problems of determination of various functional objects locations. During the formation of a spatial network optimization schemes of retail facilities in the territory of Samara the questions not only about the placement of objects, but also about their functional specialization are revealed. These questions resolving was the main task of a city planner, able to provide a number of emerging risks to the business framework. Avoiding of retail facilities excessive competition in functional spatial aspect and smart zoning require new professional approaches and methodologies, among which the most important is graphical analytic approach.