Non-Linear Energy Harvesting in RIS-assisted URLLC Networks for Industry Automation

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless communication system with non-linear energy harvesting (EH) and ultra-reliable low-latency constraints is considered for its possible applications in industrial automation. A distant data-center (DC) communicates with the multiple destination machines with the help of a full-duplex (FD) server machine (SM) and RIS. Assuming the deficiency of enough transmission power at the FD-SM, the SM is considered in the near vicinity of the destinations in the industry to forward the data received from the distant DC. The reception at SM is assisted by the RIS and a non-linear hybrid power-time splitting (PTS) based EH receiver architecture is adopted to extend the lifespan of SM, thus increasing network lifetime. The scheduling of multiple destinations is done by SM based on the considered selection criteria namely, random (RND) scheduling, absolute (ABS) channel-power-based (CPB) scheduling and normalized (NRM) CPB scheduling. The end-to-end performance of the considered FD RIS-assisted network is analyzed, and the expressions for the block error rate (BLER) for all scheduling schemes are derived. Moreover, the effects of number of RIS elements, packet size, channel uses on the system performance are analyzed for the considered ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) network. The scheduling fairness of all the scheduling schemes is also analyzed to study the performance-fairness trade-off. The derived analytical results are verified through Monte-Carlo simulations.

Non-Linear Energy Harvesting in RIS-assisted URLLC Networks for Industry Automation

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless communication system with non-linear energy harvesting (EH) and ultra-reliable low-latency constraints is considered for its possible applications in industrial automation. A distant data-center (DC) communicates with the multiple destination machines with the help of a full-duplex (FD) server machine (SM) and RIS. Assuming the deficiency of enough transmission power at the FD-SM, the SM is considered in the near vicinity of the destinations in the industry to forward the data received from the distant DC. The reception at SM is assisted by the RIS and a non-linear hybrid power-time splitting (PTS) based EH receiver architecture is adopted to extend the lifespan of SM, thus increasing network lifetime. The scheduling of multiple destinations is done by SM based on the considered selection criteria namely, random (RND) scheduling, absolute (ABS) channel-power-based (CPB) scheduling and normalized (NRM) CPB scheduling. The end-to-end performance of the considered FD RIS-assisted network is analyzed, and the expressions for the block error rate (BLER) for all scheduling schemes are derived. Moreover, the effects of number of RIS elements, packet size, channel uses on the system performance are analyzed for the considered ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) network. The scheduling fairness of all the scheduling schemes is also analyzed to study the performance-fairness trade-off. The derived analytical results are verified through Monte-Carlo simulations.

Signal processing for transmitted-reference ultra wideband system

This thesis focuses on transmitted-reference ultra wideband (TR-UWB) systems coexistence with IEEE802.11a WLAN systems. TR-UWB systems can relax the difficult synchronization requirements and can provide a simple receiver architecture that gathers the energy from many resolvable multipath components. However, UWB TR systems are susceptible to interference which comes from other wireless systems. In this thesis, TR-UWB system performance is studied in the presence of strong IEEE 802.11a WLAN interference in both AWGN and IEEE channel model. In order to reduce both the effects of interference by and into UWB signals, we propose a new method in conjunction with a multi-carrier type transmission pulse using wavelet analysis and notch filtering. Using wavelet analysis, spectral density of the transmitted UWB signal around the interfering band is reduced by 60 dB lower than the peak. With the modified TR-UWB receiver, the TR-UWB system shows performance improvement in the presence of strong IEEE 8-2.11a interference in both AWGN and IEEE channel models. The proposed method can be used for the coexistence of different wireless systems with UWB system.

Signal processing for transmitted-reference ultra wideband system

This thesis focuses on transmitted-reference ultra wideband (TR-UWB) systems coexistence with IEEE802.11a WLAN systems. TR-UWB systems can relax the difficult synchronization requirements and can provide a simple receiver architecture that gathers the energy from many resolvable multipath components. However, UWB TR systems are susceptible to interference which comes from other wireless systems. In this thesis, TR-UWB system performance is studied in the presence of strong IEEE 802.11a WLAN interference in both AWGN and IEEE channel model. In order to reduce both the effects of interference by and into UWB signals, we propose a new method in conjunction with a multi-carrier type transmission pulse using wavelet analysis and notch filtering. Using wavelet analysis, spectral density of the transmitted UWB signal around the interfering band is reduced by 60 dB lower than the peak. With the modified TR-UWB receiver, the TR-UWB system shows performance improvement in the presence of strong IEEE 8-2.11a interference in both AWGN and IEEE channel models. The proposed method can be used for the coexistence of different wireless systems with UWB system.

Design and Experimental Characterization of a Discovery and Tracking System for Optical Camera Communications

Visible light communications (VLC) technology is emerging as a candidate to meet the demand for interconnected devices’ communications. However, the costs of incorporating specific hardware into end-user devices slow down its market entry. Optical camera communication (OCC) technology paves the way by reusing cameras as receivers. These systems have generally been evaluated under static conditions, in which transmitting sources are recognized using computationally expensive discovery algorithms. In vehicle-to-vehicle networks and wearable devices, tracking algorithms, as proposed in this work, allow one to reduce the time required to locate a moving source and hence the latency of these systems, increasing the data rate by up to 2100%. The proposed receiver architecture combines discovery and tracking algorithms that analyze spatial features of a custom RGB LED transmitter matrix, highlighted in the scene by varying the cameras’ exposure time. By using an anchor LED and changing the intensity of the green LED, the receiver can track the light source with a slow temporal deterioration. Moreover, data bits sent over the red and blue channels do not significantly affect detection, hence transmission occurs uninterrupted. Finally, a novel experimental methodology to evaluate the evolution of the detection’s performance is proposed. With the analysis of the mean and standard deviation of novel K parameters, it is possible to evaluate the detected region-of-interest scale and centrality against the transmitter source’s ideal location.

A waveform design method for frequency diverse array systems based on diversity linear chirp waveforms

A frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has attracted wide attention, due to its capability to provide a range-angle dependent beampattern and to scan the spatial without phase shifters or rotating arrays. However, FDA systems will suffer from low echo signal energy or high sidelobe peaks when detecting targets by beamforming based on existing receivers. To reduce the sidelobe peak of detection results while increasing the echo signal energy, in this paper, we propose an FDA radar system based on diversity linear frequency modulation waveforms. Correspondingly, we propose a receiver architecture with a time-variant beamforming chain. The proposed system retains the ability of the FDA system to automatically spatial beam scanning, owing to the frequency increment across elements. By increasing the pulse duration of transmitted signals, we enhance the echo signal energy. By applying the artificial bee colony algorithm to design the bandwidth of each chirp signal, the proposed system reduces the sidelobe level of detection results while increasing pulse width. Numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.