Vegetative traits of Sedum L. (Crassulaceae) species cuttings growing on green roof in Kyiv city

The traits of vegetative parts (the length of the overground part of the cutting (shoot), the length of the underground part of the cutting (rhizome), the volume of the overground part of the cutting (shoot), the volume of the root system, the weight of the cutting (plant), and absolute cover area) for cuttings of five Sedum species (S. ewersii Ledeb., S. spathulifolium Hook. 'Cape Blanco', S. kamtschaticum Fisch. 'Variegatum', Sedum spurium M. Bieb., S. rupestre L.) were determined. The plants were cultivated for 86 days on a low roof (height = 6 m), in a soil mixture in 7-liter containers with a substrate height of 7 cm. The percentage of rooted cuttings reached 100% for S. ewersii, S. kamtschaticum 'Variegatum', S. spurium, S. rupestre and 66 % for S. spathulifolium 'Cape Blanco'. The highest ability to create absolute substrate cover was noted for species with creeping stems and flattened succulent leaves – S. kamtschaticum 'Variegatum' and S. spurium. This index was slightly lower for a species with vertical stems and stiff pointed, succulent leaves (S. rupestre), and plants with decumbent stems, that bear only the terminal rosettes of leaves (S. ewersii). The ability to substrate consolidation was not significantly different for S. ewersii, S. kamtschaticum 'Variegatum', S. spurium. Root development was lower for S. rupestre and very weak for S. spathulifolium 'Cape Blanco'. The results support planting S. ewersii, S. kamtschaticum 'Variegatum', S. rupestre, S. spurium with fresh harvested cuttings without previous rooting. Cuttings of S. spathulifolium 'Cape Blanco' increased their mass and projective cover slowly and required rooting before planting in a green roof

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL AMINO ACIDS IN OVERGROUND PART OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA L. AND GLYCYRRHIZA ECHINATA L.

This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the content of individual amino acids in the overground part of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Glycyrrhiza echinata L., growing in the Volgograd region. By the HPLC study, 16 amino acids (Ala, Gly, Tyr, Ser, Asp, Glu, Arg, His, Pro) were identified in the plant raw materials, among which 9 are replaceable amino acids and 7 are irreplaceable amino acids (Thr, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phen, Lys). At the same time, of the total content, the share of replaceable amino acids in Glycyrrhiza glabra L. is 10,09 %, and irreplaceable ones – 5,84 %. In the overground part of Glycyrrhiza echinata L., these indicators are slightly higher – 11,47 % of replaceable amino acids and 6,80 % of irreplaceable amino acids.

Content of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids in leaves and inflorescences of Spiraea salicifolia L. (Rosaceae)

Comparative analysis of the content of the main groups of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) was performed for the overground part of Spiraea salicifolia L. from natural habitats in Siberia and the Russian Far East. Populations of plants with the highest content of phenolic compounds were determined to reveal the potential of their use. It was found that the content of phenolcarboxylic acids in leaves (3,59–7,69 %) is higher than that in inflorescences (2,24–5,52 %), regardless of habitat. The distribution of flavonoids between leaves and inflorescences of S. salicifolia is ambiguous. The content of flavonoids ranges from 1,27 % to 5,48 % in leaves, and from 2,34 % to 6,26 % in inflorescences. The highest content of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids was found in plants from Amur region, the Republic of Yakutia, the Republic of Buryatia and the Primorsky Territory. The content of the investigated substances is not high in samples of S. salicifolia from Irkutsk region, Sakhalin region, Khabarovsk region and Magadan region.

Manioc-stem transects: vital flows, technical processes and transformations

This article studies human-plant relations as technical phenomena in the context of the pluriethnic communities of the border between Brazil and Guyana. It proposes that we consider a technogenesis of the social at the intersection of technical processes and vital flows of manioc stems - the overground part of the plant that produces manioc (Manihot esculenta). Its starting point is a Wapichana agriculturalist’s collection of stem segments. The onomastics of this set provides an idea of the diversity of these plants in the region. However, the article argues that, rather than being referents in a closed classificatory system, names are histories, indexes of ways of knowing and processes of individuation of people and varieties. By emphasising processes of stem manipulation, the article discusses some of the methodological challenges of the ethnography of technique and reflects on contemporary social transformations in dialogue with Indigenous analyses.

Peculiarities of growth and lipoxygenase activity of wild fern Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott

<p>We studied the peculiarities of growth, localization and dynamics of lipoxygenase activity in sporophyte organs of wild fern <em>Dryopteris filix-mas </em>(L.) Schott at various stages: intensive growth; sori ripening; spore release; summer vegetation, and vegetation termination. Morphometric analysis showed that the weight of one plant during sporophyte ontogenesis varied from 130 to 150 g. Frond length varied from 11 to 85 cm. Diameter of the overground part of rhizome was 9-10 cm. In the stage of spore release and during the summer vegetation we mentioned 7 fronds on plant, and in the phase of vegetation termination – 18. The plants had the biggest weight in phase of spore release. Following spore release and at the beginning of vegetation termination, the frond weight diminished almost by two times. An intensive elongation of fronds was observed prior to the start of spore release. When fronds unfold and grow the number of segments of the first order increase from 39 to 47 pairs. Frond length in the stage of summer vegetation increased from 4.3 to 11.2 cm (9 pairs), and then it gradually decreased from 10.2 to 0.1 cm (39 pairs) that resulted in the formation of a lanceolate lamina. In the stage of vegetation termination, the fern had 18 fronds, 12 of which remained green, while the rest dried and turned greyish-brown. The frond lamina contained 47 pairs of segments of the first order whose length increased from 4.5 to 10.5 cm, and then it diminished from 9.5 to 0.05 cm. The rhizome weight was in the range of 110.2–115.7 g in all the stages except vegetation termination. The morphological analysis showed that plants had successfully passed all developmental phases, reached their normal dimensions, had a mass spore formation, no external signs of suppression and damages, and this was generally consistent with the highest level of life state assessment. Localization and dynamics of lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in organs of the sporophyte of <em>D. filix-mas </em>have been studied. We registered that fronds contained 13-LOX with рН_opt.values of 7.2, rhizomes – 9-LOX (рН_opt.6.5). Peculiarities that were mentioned in localization and dynamics of LOX isoforms catalytic activity in the fern organs at various phases of development suggest that the enzyme might be involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism of growth processes that ensure plant adaptation to the environment. </p><p> </p>

Multiple-criteria decision analysis of the transformable low-rise building technological construction process

One of the promising areas of improving the constructive and technological solutions of low-rise buildings is the fast-erecting systems. Increase of efficiency of the erection process of these systems can be implemented on the basis of the results of a multiple-criteria analysis of the organizational and technological processes by decomposing it into separate technological processes and operations and assessing their impact on the overall building erection process. The structure of a multiple-criteria model includes such indexes as the duration of separate technological processes and the operation of the overground part in the building erection. The subject of the study – technological operation parameters during the installation process of the transformable low-rise buildings with sandwich panel walls. Based on selection, classification, and systematization of the factors determining the resultant indicators, the relationship between the effective indicator (function) and the factors (arguments) was studied and their forms of dependence were determined based on the linkage modeling. The calculation of the influence of various factors and their assessment on the change in value of the effective indicator was performed. The selected factors include several parameters in the form of technological operations, which are expressed in hours. The simulation of technological process using a multiple-criteria model allows determining the efficiency reserves of the developed technology. Its application in installation control processes could help the construction industry with transformable low-rise building erection.