Sorus formation on the holdfast haptera of the kelp Ecklonia radicosa (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales)

Kelps usually form sori on their vegetative blades or sporophylls, and occasionally on stipes, with a notable exception being the primitive kelp

Tolyposporium penicillariae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

A description is provided for Tolyposporium penicillariae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Pennisetum typhoides[Pennisetum glaucum] (pearl millet). DISEASE: Pearl millet smut. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (widespread), Asia (India, Pakistan, Mesopotamia), U.S.A. (Ga, 42: 382); see CMI Map 150, 1948. TRANSMISSION: Floral infection occurs initially by sporidia from spores in the soil and later by spores from early infected plants. Spikelets are most susceptible before the anthers and stigmas emerge. In experimental infections sorus formation occurs 15 days after inoculation (Ramakrishnan, 1963).