Growth and characterization of 4-(((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce3+: for semiorganic nonlinear optical application

This work aims at the growth and characterization of novel semi-organometallic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal 4-(((4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid (ASODA) with ammonium ceric (II) sulfate dehydrate (ACS). The crystal 4-(((4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce3+ (STA) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique using deionized water as a solvent. Crystalline system of the grown STA crystal was identified by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study and confirmed as monoclinic crystalline system with non-centrosymmetric space group P21/C. The powder X-ray diffraction study confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the crystal. The presence of functional groups and hydrogen bonds (–O–H–O–) was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectra showed that the grown crystal had a low cutoff wavelength at 219 nm. The position of protons and carbons were determined by structural studies based on NMR technique. The grown crystal was thermally stable up to 130 °C and its melting point was 163 °C. The SHG studies were performed by Quanta Ray Model laser source using Kurtz powder technique. The NLO efficiency of the STA crystal was 0.5 times greater than that of standard KDP. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystal were studied at different temperatures. The surface morphology and the particle size of the crystal were determined by FE-SEM technique. From the mechanical studies, it was found that the grown crystal is a soft material.

Characterization of a New Impurity in Metaraminol Bitartrate for Injection by 2D HPLC-Q/TOF-MS, Chemical Synthesis and NMR

Background:: Impurities in pharmaceutical compounds can influence their clinical effects and represent a potential health risk. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of a drug, it is necessary to investigate any potential impurities. Methods:: In this paper, a new impurity was separated and characterized by two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (2D HPLC-Q/TOF-MS) in negative electrospray ionization mode. The peak containing the new impurity, eluted from the first dimension chromatographic system, was selectively trapped by a switching valve based on its retention time and transferred to the second dimension chromatographic system, which was connected to the mass spectrometer. We obtained MET-TA by chemical synthesis, and its structure was characterized by MS/MS and further confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Results:: The impurity was found to be (2S, 3S)-2,3.-dihydroxy-4-((1R,2S)-1-hydroxy-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2- yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid, labelled as MET-TA. In this study we investigated the mechanism of formation of METTA, and found that it was the amidation product of metaraminol and tartaric acid. Conclusions:: The identification, structural elucidation, synthesis and most probable mechanism of formation of MET-TA are discussed in detail in this paper.

Design, Optimization, Synthesis and AntiTB Screening of Benzimidazole Derivatives

Introduction: A biologically active benzimidazole synthesis was carried out at laboratory scale in order to reduce environmental pollution as well as to identify effective synthetic route. Methods: In this connection optimization was performed by Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) to develop experimental data through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization of title analogue was performed by RSM which led us to the identification of high quality of synthetic yield. The effects of four independent parameters [1-5 mol of oxobutanoic acid (X1), 1-5 mol of thionyl chloride (X2), 1-5 mol of imidazol-2-yl-4-oxobutanoyl chloride (X3), and 1-5 mol of 4-nitro aniline (X4)] were taken into optimize the synthetic yields of title scaffold. Results and Conclusion: A result on randomly generated benchmark and real values such as percentage yield, λmax and Retention Time (RT) of title compound are found to be highly significant. The present model connected into maximizing percentage yield of title scaffold with developed optimal set. The high significant benzimidazole was screened for their MTB activity against MTB H37Ra strain by MABA screening.

Isolation and crystal structure of 4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid from Delphinium Grandiflorum, C13H15N1O5

C13H15N1O5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.9457(7) Å, b = 8.7190(9) Å, c = 9.9964(10) Å, α = 100.254(8)°, β = 100.036(8)°, γ = 94.760(8)°, V = 666.38(11) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0453, wRref(F2) = 0.1243, T = 298 K.

TiO2 Films Functionalized with ABDA for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance

Efficient photogenerated charge separation is needed for potential solar energy conversion and storage. Herein, we present the preparation and characterization of an optically active anthracence-based molecule 4,4′-(anthracene-2,6-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(4-oxobutanoic acid) (ABDA), whose coupling with TiO2 has been proven useful in the pursuit of enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and PEC measurements indicated that the ABDA/TiO2 composite has extended the light absorption of TiO2 to the visible region and efficiently increased the charge separation. The photocurrent of ABDA/TiO2 is 1.8 times higher than that of pristine TiO2. This study has provided a method for the development of functionalized TiO2 with enhanced PEC behaviour for energy conversion applications.

Effect of a novel succinamic acid derivative as potential anti-diabetic agent in experimental diabetic rats

4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid which is a succinamic acid derivative has been synthesized in 3 step reaction with malic acid. Its structure confirmation was done by various techniques like 1H NMR, 13C NMR, & HRMS and is recently proposed as an insulinotropic agent for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the effect of 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid on plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic model was investigated. 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid was administered orally (20 mg/kg b.w.) to streptozotocin + nicotinamide (STZ + NAD) induced diabetic rats for 28 days. A significant increase in fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1c levels, Serum lipid profile (TG & TC) and in the levels of Malonaldialdehyde (MDA, end product of lipid peroxidation) was observed in STZ +NAD diabetic rats whereas the levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum insulin levels were significantly decreased in STZ + NAD induced diabetic rats The effect of 4-((benzyloxy)amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid was compared with glibenclamide, a reference drug. Treatment with 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid and glibenclamide resulted in a significant reduction of fasting blood glucose levels with increase in plasma insulin levels in diabetic treated rats. 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid also resulted in a significant improvement in serum lipids and lipid peroxidation products. Our results suggest the potential role of 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus experimental rats. Keywords: 4-((benzyloxy) amino)-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid, dyslipidemia, streptozotocin induced diabetes, lipid peroxidation

Nitrogenous Compounds Produced by the Deep Sea Derived Fungus Leptosphaeria sp. SCSIO 41005

Four nitrogenous compounds, including two new compounds methyl-4-((1-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)–3-methyl-4-oxobutanoate (1), 4-((1-acetoxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)–3-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid (2), and two amino acid derivatives (3, 4), were isolated from the deep sea derived fungus Leptosphaeria sp. SCSIO 41005, together with a cyclohexanone derivative (5) as new natural compound and other three known compounds (6–8). Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic methods. All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antiviral activities.

Crystal Structure and Structural Features of 8a-Phenylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6(2H)-One

The crystal structure and the structural features of the 8a-phenylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6(2H)-one, C13H16N2O, obtained by condensation of 4-phenyl-4-oxobutanoic acid with 1,3-diaminopropane. Molecules are weakly linked by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds C=O···H–N into the chains. These chains are weakly linked by π-π stacking interactions to form a three-dimensional framework.