gambling cognitions
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2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Bush ◽  
Alex M. T. Russell ◽  
Petra K. Staiger ◽  
Andrea Waling ◽  
Nicki A. Dowling

Abstract Background Sexual minority men (SMM) often experience stressful social environments dominated by stigma and discrimination. SMM are typically more likely than heterosexual men to engage in certain risky behaviours such as problem gambling. This study aimed to compare gambling behaviour among SMM and examine potential risk factors (erroneous gambling cognitions, gambling outcome expectancies, hazardous alcohol use, impulsivity, and psychological distress; as well as perceived stigma and discrimination for the SMM participants) and potential protective factors (resilience, social support, and community connectedness) for problem gambling severity and gambling-related harms among SMM living in Australia. Methods An online survey, with an over-representation of SMM participants and problem, moderate-risk, and low-risk gamblers, was completed by 101 SMM (mean age = 28.5) and 207 heterosexual men (mean age = 26.4). Results SMM were found to have significantly lower levels of problem gambling severity compared with heterosexual men, and report significantly lower gambling participation, frequencies and expenditure on any gambling activity, casino table games, horse racing/greyhound betting, sports betting, and keno. However, in the SMM group, 38.3% were classified in the problem gambling category of the Problem Gambling Severity Index and 27.6% were classified in the moderate-risk gambling category. There were no significant differences between groups in gambling-related harms. Multiple regression analyses revealed that problem gambling severity and related harms were independently predicted by higher levels of impulsivity and erroneous gambling cognitions for both groups. Conclusions Lower frequency of gambling behaviours among SMM and similar risk factors predicting problem gambling severity/harms for both groups suggests that problem gambling is not pronounced among SMM. This study adds new evidence to the gambling literature which can be used as comparative benchmarks for future research.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bjørseth ◽  
Josefine Oudmayer Simensen ◽  
Aina Bjørnethun ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Eilin K. Erevik ◽  
...  

Pop-up messages utilized by gambling operators are normally presented to gamblers during gambling sessions in order to prevent excessive gambling and/or to help in the appraisal of maladaptive gambling cognitions. However, the effect of such messages on gambling behavior and gambling cognitions has not previously been synthesized quantitatively. Consequently, a meta-analysis estimating the efficacy of pop-up messages on gambling behavior and cognitions was conducted. A systematic literature search with no time constraints was performed on Web of Science, PsychInfo, Medline, PsychNET, and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included “gambling,” “pop-up,” “reminder,” “warning message,” and “dynamic message.” Studies based on randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs and pre-post studies reporting both pre- and post-pop-up data were included. Two authors independently extracted data using pre-defined fields including quality assessment. A total of 18 studies were included and data were synthesized using a random effects model estimating Hedges' g. The effects of pop-ups were g = 0.413 for cognitive measures (95% CI = 0.115–0.707) and g = 0.505 for behavioral measures (95% CI = 0.256–0.746). For both outcomes there was significant between-study heterogeneity which could not be explained by setting (laboratory vs. naturalistic) or sample (gambler vs. non-gamblers). It is concluded that pop-up messages provide moderate effects on gambling behavior and cognitions in the short-term and that such messages play an important role in the gambling operators' portfolio of responsible gambling tools.


Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Amazue ◽  
Larry O. Awo ◽  
Aaron A. Agbo ◽  
Catherine N. Ekwe ◽  
Mildred C. Ojiaku

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Smith ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Rene Pols ◽  
Peter Harvey ◽  
Malcolm Battersby

AbstractLittle is known about the change processes in gambling disorder-specific cognitive therapy (CT) and exposure therapy (ET). These therapies are underpinned by the cognitive approach (i.e., restructuring gambling cognitions) and the psychobiological approach (i.e., elimination of gambling urges) to treating problem gambling. Here, piecewise-linear modelling is used in a secondary analysis of randomised trial data for a CT group (n = 44) versus an ET group (n = 43) with the aim to open a discourse on how individuals respond to CT and ET relative to theory. Measures were administered between therapy sessions (average = 6.2 per individual) across 18 weeks for gambling urge (GUS) and gambling cognitions (GRCS). Results indicated the ET group had a stronger reduction in GUS (p < .01) in the first 4 weeks of treatment. Between 4–12 weeks, improvement in GUS (p < .01) and GRCS (p = .02) was more rapid in the CT group. Both groups experienced comparable improvements from 12–18 weeks. These findings have implications for further treatment development, including a combined cognitive and exposure approach that is flexibly adapted to the patient. A larger trial is needed to formally establish change processes and identify differences in problem gambler subgroups. This would provide therapists capacity to offer each patient a clear direction and an expedited pathway to their preferred outcome.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Del Prete ◽  
Trevor Steward ◽  
Juan F. Navas ◽  
Fernando Fernández-Aranda ◽  
Susana Jiménez-Murcia ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. Navas ◽  
Joël Billieux ◽  
Ana Perandrés-Gómez ◽  
Francisca López-Torrecillas ◽  
Antonio Cándido ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Nicholson ◽  
Chad Graves ◽  
Michael Ellery ◽  
Tracie O. Afifi

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