Penggunaan Makrozoobentos Dalam Penilaian Kualitas Perairan Sungai Inlet Danau Maninjau, Sumatera Barat

Danau Maninjau yang terletak di Provinsi Sumatera Barat telah ditetapkan sebagai salah satu danau prioritas nasional diantara 15 danau lainnya. Kondisi kualitas air Danau Maninjau salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi kualitas air dari sungai-sungai yang bermuara di danau tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas air sungai inlet Danau Maninjau dengan menggunakan bioindikator makrozoobentos. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni dan Agustus 2019 di empat sungai inlet Danau Maninjau yang meliputi Sungai Koto Kaciak, Kurambik, Kularian, dan Ranggeh Bayur. Pengambilan sampel makrozoobentos dilakukan di segmen hulu, tengah, dan hilir dengan menggunakan kick net pada substrat berbatu dan berpasir, serta pengeruk Ekman pada substrat berlumpur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan makrozoobentos di keempat sungai inlet dengan kisaran 5-25 famili dan 4-10 ordo yang tergolong ke dalam delapan kelas meliputi Insekta, Clitellata, Malacostraca, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polychaeta, Hirudinea, dan Turbellaria. Hasil analisis korelasi Spearman antara metrik biologi dengan Water Quality Index (WQI) menunjukkan bahwa metrik SIGNAL, EPT, dan LQI memiliki korelasi yang sangat kuat dengan nilai r > 0,7 (p<0,01). Metrik SIGNAL dengan korelasi tertinggi (r = 0,752) menunjukkan kondisi perairan sungai inlet Danau Maninjau yang tercemar ringan hingga berat. Metrik SIGNAL, EPT, dan LQI dapat diaplikasikan untuk melengkapi penilaian parameter fisik kimiawi perairan sungai inlet Danau Maninjau. ABSTRACTLake Maninjau which is located in West Sumatra Province has been designated as one of the national priority lakes among 15 other lakes. Water quality conditions of Lake Maninjau is influenced by the condition of the water quality of the streams that flow into the lake. The present study aimed to determine the condition of the water quality of the inlet stream of Lake Maninjau by using macrozoobenthos as bioindicators. This study was conducted in June and August 2019 in four inlet streams of Lake Maninjau including the Koto Kaciak, Kurambik, Kularian, and Ranggeh Bayur streams. A sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried out in the upstream, middle, and downstream using Surber nets on rocky and sandy substrates, and Ekman Grab on muddy substrates. Based on the results of this study, macrozoobenthos were found in the four inlet streams with a range of 5-25 families and 4-10 orders and classified into eight classes including Insects, Clitellata, Malacostraca, Bivalvia, Gastropods, Polychaeta, Hirudinea, and Turbellaria. The results of the Spearman correlation analysis between biological metrics and the Water Quality Index (WQI) show that the SIGNAL, EPT, and LQI metrics have a very strong correlation with r values > 0.7 (p < 0.01). The SIGNAL metric has the highest correlation (r = 0.752) indicates the inlet streams of Lake Maninjau which are lightly to heavily polluted. Metrics of macrozoobenthos communities such as SIGNAL, EPT, and LQI can be applied to complete the assessment of the physicochemical parameters of inlet streams of Lake Maninjau

Evaluasi Rehabilitasi Riparian Sungai Ranggeh dengan Indikator Komunitas Makrozoobenthos

<strong>Evaluation of Riparian Rehabilitation in River River Usingthe Macrozoobenthos Community Indicator. </strong>Macrozoobenthos organism is one of aquatic biota which is often used to assess the ecosystems health of river.The evaluation of riparian habitat rehabilitation using benthic macroinvertebrates has been commonly used in many countries. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the impact of Ranggeh river riparian rehabilitation and to determine environmental parameters that influenced benthic macroinvertebrate communities in Ranggeh River. This research was conductedfrom February to September 2019. Benthic macroinvertebrate Benthic macroinvertebrates, river, evaluation, EPT, rehabilitationsamples were collected using Hess Sampler in a sampling area of 0.2 m². This evaluation was carried out after two months since the rehabilitation of riparian habitat completed. The results show that rehabilitation of the riparian habitat has changed the community, in the aspects of biological metrics of taxa number, abundance, and taxa numbersof Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT). Furthermore, the taxa number and EPT metrics increased after habitat rehabilitation, however the abundance decreased slightly. In addition, the taxa number metric was positively correlated with conductivity parameter (r = 0.8), but negatively correlatedto turbidity (r = -0.91) and pH (r = -0.77). Meanwhile, the EPT metric was negatively correlated with turbidity parameters (r = -0.76) and %<em>embeddedness</em> (r = -0.94). The total abundance metric was not sensitive to the parameters measured in this study. Meanwhile, biological metrics for taxa number and EPT can be used to assess rehabilitation success of river ecosystem habitats

The Influence of Riparian Corridor Land Use on the Pesquería River’s Macroinvertebrate Community (N.E. Mexico)

The Earth’s freshwater ecosystems are currently under threat, particularly in developing countries. In Mexico, intensive land use and inadequate monitoring policies have resulted in the severe degradation of the country’s freshwater ecosystems. This study assesses how the macroinvertebrate communities in the Pesquería River, located in Northeastern Mexico, are affected by riparian land use, in order to determine their potential use as bioindicators to evaluate the macroinvertebrate integrity of the Pesquería River. First, we characterized the land use cover in the riparian channel. Second, we sampled 16 sites for benthic macroinvertebrates along the main channel during the wet and dry seasons. Third, we evaluated the influence of the riparian channel land use on the macroinvertebrate community using 42 different biological metrics. The land use characterization depicted a riparian channel mainly influenced by agricultural and urban land use. Eighty-one invertebrate taxa were identified during the study. Permutational analysis of the variance analysis confirmed significant differences across the different land use classes and the macroinvertebrate community composition while no differences were found between seasons. The indicator species analysis revealed 31 representative taxa for natural land use, 1 for urban, and 4 for agricultural land use. Our modelling analysis showed that 28 of the 42 biological metrics tested responded significantly to land use disturbances, confirming the impact of land use changes on the Pesquería River’s macroinvertebrate communities and suggesting that these metrics may have a use as bioindicators. Finally, this study may provide significant biological information for further studies in similar conditions.

Biocontamination of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in Croatian major rivers and effects on ecological quality assessment

We studied the composition of non-indigenous macroinvertebrate species (NIMS) and biocontamination level in four major large Croatian rivers (the Danube, Sava, Drava and Mura) to establish which environmental parameters are the most important for the composition of NIMS assemblages and to determine how NIMS affect biological metrics regularly used in ecological quality assessment. We sampled benthic macroinvertebrates at 48 sites (44 lotic + 4 lentic), and among 236 taxa, 21 NIMS were identified, of which 9 were widespread and abundant. Only 14.6% of sites exhibited no biocontamination, 18.7% exhibited low or moderate biocontamination and 66.7% exhibited high or severe biocontamination. Higher biocontamination in the Drava may be due to both the proximity to the Danube as the main source of NIMS and the existence of three large reservoirs. We found significantly negative correlation between the number of NIMS and native taxa. The significant correlations between biocontamination indices and tested biological metrics were as follows: negative with %EPT, EPT-S, BMWP and IBE AQEM, while positive with HR-SI. This indicates that at sites where NIMS are abundant and native taxa scarce, standard biological metrics could provide unreliable results and compromise the assessment of ecological status of large rivers.

Late Effects of Low-Dose Radiation on the Bone Marrow, Lung, and Testis Collected From the Same Exposed BALB/cJ Mice

We used 3 biological metrics highly relevant to health risks, that is, cell death, inflammation, and global DNA methylation, to determine the late effects of low doses (0.05 or 0.1 Gy) of 137Cs γ rays on the bone marrow, lung, and testis collected at 6 months post-irradiation from the same exposed BALB/cJ mouse. This integrative approach has not been used for such a purpose. Mice exposed to 0 or 1 Gy of radiation served as a sham or positive control group, respectively. The results could deliver information for better health risk assessment across tissues, including better scientific basis for radiation protection and clinical application. We found no changes in the levels of all studied biological metrics (except a significant increase in the levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, ie, interleukin 10) in tissues of 0.05-Gy exposed mice, when compared to those in sham controls. In contrast, significantly increased levels of cell death and inflammation, including a significant loss of global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, were found in all tissues of the same mice exposed to 0.1 or 1.0 Gy. Our data demonstrated not only no harm but also hormesis in the 0.05-Gy exposed mice. However, the hormetic effect appears to be dependent on biological metrics and tissue.