Serum ferritin and blood pressure modulation in first-time and regular blood donors

Background: The health benefits of blood donation are well known. However, the overall effect of long term regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure need to be evaluated among voluntary blood donors. Objective: To determine the effect of long term, regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure among regular voluntary non-remunerated blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Consenting adult blood donors (n = 320), ranging from the first time to regular blood donors were studied over six months. Supine blood pressure (BP) readings were taken twice at 30 minutes interval with a mercury sphygmomanometer. Venous whole blood was drawn into EDTA anti-coagulated and plain tubes for haematological parameters and serum ferritin estimation using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: The mean serum ferritin levels declined significantly from 95.5ng/mL among first time donors to 68.9ng/mL among Category III donors (p = 0.035). Male voluntary blood donors had increased risk of low serum ferritin level (OR = 5.02; 95%CI= 1.12-22.51; p = 0.035). Lower values of serum ferritin were recorded more frequently among donors within the 21-30 year age category (OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.0-2.71; p= 0.042). Long term regular voluntary blood donation was associated with significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Long term blood donation resulted in the reduction of blood pressure. Progressive increase in the duration of donation resulted in reduced iron stores even as haemoglobin concentration levels remained acceptable for blood donation.

Serum Ferritin and Blood Pressure modulation in first-time and regular blood donors

Background: The health benefits of blood donation are well known. However, the overall effect of long term regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure need to be evaluated among voluntary blood donors. Objective: To determine the effect of long term, regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure among regular voluntary non-remunerated blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Consenting adult blood donors (n = 320), ranging from the first time to regular blood donors were studied over six months. Supine blood pressure (BP) readings were taken twice at 30 minutes interval with a mercury sphygmomanometer. Venous whole blood was drawn into EDTA anti-coagulated and plain tubes for haematological parameters and serum ferritin estimation using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: The mean serum ferritin levels declined significantly from 95.5ng/mL among first time donors to 68.9ng/mL among Category III donors (p = 0.035). Male voluntary blood donors had increased risk of low serum ferritin level (OR = 5.02; 95%CI= 1.12-22.51; p = 0.035). Lower values of serum ferritin were recorded more frequently among donors within the 21-30 year age category (OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.0-2.71; p= 0.042). Long term regular voluntary blood donation was associated with significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Long term blood donation resulted in the reduction of blood pressure. Progressive increase in the duration of donation resulted in reduced iron stores even as haemoglobin concentration levels remained acceptable for blood donation.

A Study of Serum Ferritin Level in Female Patient with Alopecia

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Total body iron store is an integral factor in the development of hair follicle. Numerous studies have been done seeking for the relationship between body iron store and various forms of chronic diffuse hair loss, with relatively contradictory findings in various reports in these studies. The main objective of this study is to find out if there is any association between total body iron store and various types of chronic diffuse hair loss in females in reproductive age.Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based case control study conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Sixty female patients of age group 15-50 years with chronic diffuse hair loss with equal number of age- and sex- matched controls were studied. Both of the study groups were evaluated for various parameters of iron status. Results: The mean value of serum ferritin in cases was significantly lower as compared to controls (p=0.018). Patients with alopecia areata (p=0.008) and androgenetic alopecia (p=0.021) had significantly lower serum ferritin, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in telogen effluvium and controls (p=0.857).The mean value of hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin was found to be significantly lower in alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia. However, there was no statistically significant difference in RBC indices of patients of telogen effluvium and controls.Conclusion: Diffuse chronic hair loss shows definite association with serum ferritin and various RBC indices in female of reproductive age group. Alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia show major association with total body iron stores. Keywords: alopecia areata; androgenetic alopecia; serum ferritin; telogen effluvium.

Role of Maternal Iron Status in the Pathogenesis Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the commonest complications of pregnancy; but its pathophysiology is still not fully understood. Recently attention has been focused on the relation between iron metabolism and glucose intolerance in the genesis of GDM. The present study was conducted to investigate the association of body iron store with various covariates of metabolic syndrome. A total 100 subjects were included in this study: 43 were healthy nondiabetic and nonanemic pregnant women (Control group) and 57 were pregnant women having Diabetes Mellitus (GDM group). Glucose level was measured by using glucose-oxidase method, fasting serum C-peptide by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by using a modified high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S) and insulin secretory capacity (HOMA%B) were calculated by Homeostasis Model Assessment. Serum transferrin receptor (STfR) was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and serum ferritin level was assessed by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay. Serum iron concentration was measured by IRN method. The age of the study groups were found to be matched (p=0.522). Gestational weeks and parity of the study groups were significantly higher in GDM than Controls (p=0.004 and p=0.015 respectively). HbA1c level (%, M±SD) was significantly higher in GDM group (6.09±1.1) as compared to Control Among the marker of body iron status hemoglobin level showed no difference between GDM (11±1.25) and Control groups (10.6±0.8), but serum iron concentration [median (range)] was significantly lower in GDM group [6(2-19)] as compared to Control [12(2-36)].Serum Iron was strongly correlated with HOMA%B in univariate Spearman correlation analysis (r =0.347, P=0.008).On multivariate linear regression analysis also found Serum Iron associated (p=0.011) with HOMA% B in GDM group. GDM in Bangladeshi subjects does not seem to be associated with iron deficiency or elevated body iron store. GDM subjects may show lower serum iron, but this is probably related to chronic inflammatory state of diabetes rather than iron deficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i3.18678 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2011 Vol.40(3):55-60

Correlation between Iron Status Parameters and Hormone Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Much research has shown that iron store parameters are increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but an exact explanation for this phenomenon remains unavailable. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between iron status parameters and hormonal disturbances in women with PCOS that accounts for their increased iron store levels. Iron status parameters and hormones were measured using colorimetric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. The results demonstrated a mild iron overload in the patients with PCOS. Good positive correlations between iron status parameters and serum testosterone, prolactin, and insulin were detected in the patient group, whereas iron status parameters and BMI were not significantly correlated. The data also suggest that the increase in serum ferritin and body iron store levels in patients with PCOS are associated with hyperandrogenemia, hyperprolactinemia, and hyperinsulinemia. The findings of this study expand current knowledge on the factors affecting iron stores and suggest a different mechanism of interaction between iron stores and the endocrine system through the harmful deposition of iron in endocrine glands and through hormonal effects on iron absorption and metabolism.

KADAR FERITIN SERUM DAN HEMOGLOBIN PADA WANITA PASANGAN PENGANTIN BARU DI BALI

<p class="MsoTitle" style="margin: 0cm 11.25pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration were used to iron deficiency anemia (IDA) tests over population. The prevalence of IDA prevalence in pregnant women </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">were</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 18% over the world, 37</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.5% in Asia, and 46.5% in Bali. The iron supplementation that was administrated during pregnancy did not clinically proven to solve the problems. It was predicted that the IDA was existing before pregnant. So, the body iron store must be prepare before pregnancy period. This research aimed to know the serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration in the new married women in Bali. The design of this research </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> descriptive cross sectional study and conducted at 276 new married women by multistage sampling method. Every participant was interviewed for characteristic data and taken blood sample to evaluate serum ferritin and hemoglobin. Serum ferritin and hemoglobin were examined by </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Immulite 2000 Ferritin and Sysmex SF-3000 and t</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">he data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The mean of serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration are 29.41±20.36 µg/dl and 11.35±0.92 g/dl. The serum ferritin level proportions 20-29 µg/dl, less than 20 µg/dl, and ≥100 µg/dl are 145 (51.9%), 130 (47.1%), and 1(0.4%), eventually. The hemoglobin value &lt;12 g/dl was found in 36.2% population and amount 63.8% population with hemoglobin value ≥12 g/dl. According on iron status, the proportion of anemia </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">23</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.6%, proportion of iron deficiency </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">19</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.2% and proportion of IDA </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">14</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.1%. Based on the result, ferritin in the new married women Bali </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> mostly low level but hemoglobin concentration </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> mostly normal. Although, they have problem in the proportion of iron deficiency, anemia and iron deficiency anemia, that </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">were</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 19</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.2%, 23.6% and 14.1%, respectively. </span></p><p class="MsoTitle" style="margin: 0cm 11.25pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;"> </p>