Late Quaternary Slip Rate and Kinematics of the Baoertu Fault, Constrained by 10Be Exposure Ages of Displaced Surfaces within Eastern Tian Shan

Investigation on the kinematics and deformation rates about active fault interior of the Tian Shan can provide significant information for strengthening our understanding on the present tectonic evolution of this range. The Baoertu Fault (BETF) is a major E-W striking active structure within the eastern Tian Shan and separates the south and central Tian Shan. But its kinematics and slip rates in the late Quaternary have never been systematically reported before. Based on interpretations of remote sensing images, drone photography, and detailed field investigations, we propose that the BETF is characterized by left-lateral strike-slip faulting with a thrust component and provides the first late Pleistocene slip rate for this fault. At the northern margin of the Kumishi Basin, combining offset reconstructions of displaced alluvial fan surfaces with the terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) exposure age dating, we calculate an average sinistral slip rate of 0.65±0.16 mm/yr and average vertical slip rate of 0.07±0.01 mm/yr for the BETF since 95-106 ka. The differential movement eastward between the central Tian Shan block and Yanqi-Kumishi Basin block is likely the dominant driver of the left-lateral slip of the BETF. Synthesizing other quantitative data in eastern Tian Shan, we suggest that the hinterland active faults or folds, including the BEFT, roughly accommodate ~28-45% of the total N-S convergence across the eastern Tian Shan.

Ground motion spatial variability and cable-stayed bridges: do we need to consider the asynchronous motion?

<p>Cable-stayed bridges are landmark structures and key parts of transportation networks worldwide. It is of vital importance that their integrity is ensured even under very large earthquakes. The spatial variability of the ground motion could be a significant aspect of the seismic behaviour of long-span cable-stayed bridges due to the differential movement of the pylons, which may lead to an amplified seismic response and increased damage in the pylons. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the spatial variability of the ground motion on the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges with H-shaped pylons and various span lengths. Focus is placed on the pylons of the bridges because the constitute key members for the overall stability and structural integrity of the bridge. The study explores how important the spatial variability is in the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges by considering two different orientations of the structures with respect to the seismic fault in an extensive program of non-linear response-history analyses.</p>

Case Study of “TIEAMM” Approach to Geohazard Identification, Characterization, and Mitigation

This study presents the implementation of a multidisciplinary team approach to geohazard identification, characterization, assessment, and mitigation \, that includes landslide subject matter experts (SMEs) in geotechnical and hydrotechnical engineering and geology and pipeline stress analysis with the pipeline owner/operator (Owner). This approach provided targeted and programmatic geohazard training, identification, exploration, assessment, mitigation, and monitoring, and hase been coin as the “TIEAMM” approach. The Owner worked with the geohazard SMEs to develop a system-wide geohazard pipeline integrity management program, including a phased geohazard assessment along the right-of-way, office and field-based training for the local operations staff, risk-based design mitigation approaches, on-site construction support, and continued monitoring. The landslide discussed in this study is used as an example to demonstrate the TIEAMM approach; this site was identified by local operations staff, documenting differential movement of approximately 15 feet between November 2018 and February 2019. A more detailed geological exploration and assessment as well as a pipeline strain assessment was completed. The work allowed for mitigation efforts and corresponding costs to be optimized. The mitigation design was flexible to address ongoing monitoring, and then field-fit to address site conditions observed during the construction work. The approach to geohazard management completed for this site provided the data and information needed to make informed decisions to support targeted optimization for the scope and scale of mitigation work, and thereby avoided over-conservative (and thereby overly-costly) mitigation efforts.

CRUSTAL DISPLACEMENT BASED ON THREE STAGES GEODETIC STUDIES RESULTS IN SPITAK GEODYNAMIC POLYGON

A network of dual-frequency global navigation satellite systems and digital levelling instruments has been established around Spitak, Armenia with the goal of recording changes to the Earth’s crust near to this major earthquake zone. The study was initiated in response to the 1988 Armenian earthquake and is focused on the Sarighamish, Javakhet, Pambak-Sevan, Spitak and Akhuryan faults. Results demonstrate differential movement across fault zones that suggest monitoring of crustal change could be useful in the predicition of large earthquake events.

Dorsalextension beim SLR hat im proximalen Oberschenkel nur Einfluss auf den Nerv

Bueno-Gracia E, Pérez-Bellmunt A, Estébanez-de-Miguel E et al. Differential Movement of the Sciatic Nerve and Hamstrings during the Straight Leg Raise with Ankle Dorsiflexion: Implications for Diagnosis of Neural Aspect to Hamstring Disorders. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2019; 43: 91–95. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2019.07.011