Detection of Scratch on Transparent Plate with Strong Scattering Noise by Digital Holographic Technique

We applied a digital holographic detection technique to detect the scratches on glass surfaces with scattering noise. In the experiment, scratches with widths of 1.67 µm were generated on the front sides of the glass slides, and three different gray levels were painted on the back sides of the glass slides to generate the scattering noise. It demonstrated that the digital holographic detection method can enhance the image contrast of the scratch under high scattering noise. The high defocus tolerance promises a detection process without optical focusing and thus benefits the high-speed automatic optical inspection.

Early wound healing of the hard-palate mucosal harvest site using artificial dermis fixation by a transparent plate

Background There are currently no guidelines for the postoperative wound management of the hard-palate donor site in cases involving mucosal harvesting. This study describes our experiences with the use of an artificial dermis for early epithelialization and transparent plate fixation in cases involving hard-palate mucosal harvesting.<br/>Methods A transparent palatal plate was custom-fabricated using a thermoplastic resin board. After mucosal harvesting, an alginic acid-containing wound dressing (Sorbsan) was applied to the donor site, which was then covered with the plate. After confirming hemostasis, the dressing was changed to artificial dermis a few days later, and the plate was fixed to the artificial dermis. The size of the mucosal defect ranged from 8×25 to 20×40 mm.<br/>Results Plate fixation was adequate, with no postoperative slippage or infection of the artificial dermis. There was no pain at the harvest site, but a slight sense of incongruity during eating was reported. Although the fabrication and application of the palatal plate required extra steps before and after harvesting, the combination of the artificial dermis and palatal plate was found to be very useful for protecting the mucosal harvest site, and resulted in decreased pain and earlier epithelialization.<br/>Conclusions The combination of artificial dermis and a transparent palatal plate for wound management at the hard-palate mucosal donor site resolved some of the limitations of conventional methods.

Topographic-Anatomical Validation of a New Method for Minimally-Invasive Extra-Cortical Osteosynthesis Using Plastinated Transverse Shoulder Cuts

The aim of the study was to assess capability and benefits of this method, its technical feasibility and safety regarding a damage of the most essential anatomical structures.Material and methods. The study involved 15 natural humeral bones; their parameters - the length and shape of the plates – were measured for osteosynthesis. Bone osteosynthesis was further performed on 14 intact upper limbs taken from 7 non-fixed corpses of people died at the age of 63–77 using the discussed method; after that, the operated limbs were studied using preparating technique. Furthermore, after plate application on two shoulder sections, 12 transverse cuts with their epoxy plastination were made at three levels according to the original technology; this was followed by the preparation of histotopographic sections.Results. The results obtained have demonstrated that for the new method of bone osteosynthesis it is advisable to use metal plates 220–260 mm long with spiral twisting clockwise for the right humerus and counterclockwise for the left. Average distances from the fixed plate to the humerus, tendon of the long head of the biceps of the shoulder muscle, large blood vessels and peripheral nerves were determined using precision preparation and measurements; the measurements were also performed on transparent plate-shaped shoulder cuts. All the above validates safety of the discussed method regarding a damage of the most essential anatomical structures and allow to successfully use it in the clinical practice.Conclusion. The discussed technique of plastinated transverse shoulder cuts with further experimental fixation of metal implants for osteosynthesis ensures safety of the initial topographic and anatomical relationships of these structures with anatomical structures. In addition, high transparency of the tissues created by epoxy plastination allows determining distances between implants and important anatomical structures with high precision, the fact being of great significance in applied anatomical studies.