Marinomonas alcarazii sp. nov., M. rhizomae sp. nov., M. foliarum sp. nov., M. posidonica sp. nov. and M. aquiplantarum sp. nov., isolated from the microbiota of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica

Five novel Gram-reaction-negative aerobic marine bacterial strains with DNA G+C contents <50 mol% were isolated from the seagrass Posidonia oceanica. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that they belonged to the genus Marinomonas. Major fatty acid compositions, comprising C10 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7c, supported the affiliation of these strains to the genus Marinomonas. Strains IVIA-Po-14bT, IVIA-Po-145T and IVIA-Po-155T were closely related to Marinomonas pontica 46-16T, according to phylogenetic analysis. However, DNA–DNA hybridization values <35 % among these strains revealed that they represented different species. Further differences in the phenotypes and minor fatty acid compositions were also found among the strains. Another two strains, designated IVIA-Po-181T and IVIA-Po-159T, were found to be closely related to M. dokdonensis DSW10-10T but DNA–DNA relatedness levels <40 % in pairwise comparisons, as well as some additional differences in phenotypes and fatty acid compositions supported the creation of two novel species. Accordingly, strains IVIA-Po-14bT ( = CECT 7730T = NCIMB 14671T), IVIA-Po-145T ( = CECT 7377T = NCIMB 14431T), IVIA-Po-155T ( = CECT 7731T = NCIMB 14672T), IVIA-Po-181T ( = CECT 7376T = NCIMB 14433T) and IVIA-Po-159T ( = CECT 7732T = NCIMB 14673T) represent novel species, for which the names Marinomonas alcarazii sp. nov., Marinomonas rhizomae sp. nov., Marinomonas foliarum sp. nov., Marinomonas posidonica sp. nov. and Marinomonas aquiplantarum sp. nov. are proposed, respectively.

Effects of EPTC and Dichlormid on Membrane Lipid Composition of Maize Leaves and Roots

The changes in fatty acid composition of maize leaf lipids caused by EPTC were generally similar to known effects of this herbicide in other plants: decreasing of linolenic acid content and increasing of its precursors, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids. However, novel effects were detected in roots where the proportion of minor fatty acid palmitoleic acid was increased from 2.1 to 7.6 and 16.6% by EPTC and EPTC + dichlormid treatments, respective­ly. Simultaneously, the phospholipid content of root lipids was increased by both EPTC as well as EPTC + dichlormid treatments. The possible effects of EPTC and dichlormid on lipid biosynthesis of maize are discussed.

Safflower Oil: Physical and Chemical Properties, and Fatty Acid Composition

Some physical and chemical properties, including fatty acid composition by gas chromatography, of 15 commercially refined safflower oils and three crude oils extracted from safflower seed, were determined. The average and standard deviations found were: refractive index, 1.4748 ± 0.0003; specific gravity, 0.9210 ± 0.0005; iodine number, Wijs, 143.4 ± 1.4; squalene, 7.1 mg/100 g ± 1.1; and Bellier test, 7.4° ± 0.9. The major fatty acid components were; palmitic 6.7 ± 0.3, stearic 2.7 ± 0.4, oleic 12.9 ± 0.6, and linoleic 77.5 ± 1.1. Minor fatty acid components detected were myristic, arachidic, and eicosenoic acids.