Sum number of fans

Graph labeling deals with assigning labels to one or more elements of a graph. It has a wide variety of applications including: coding theory, communication network addressing, data base management system and secret sharing schemes to mention a view. A mapping [Formula: see text] is called a sum labeling of a graph [Formula: see text] if it is an injection from [Formula: see text] to a set of positive integers, such that [Formula: see text] if and only if there exists a vertex [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. In this case, [Formula: see text] is called a working vertex. In general, a graph [Formula: see text] will require some isolated vertices to be labeled in this way. The least possible number of such isolated vertices is called the sum number of [Formula: see text]; denoted by [Formula: see text]. A sum labeling of a graph [Formula: see text] is said to be optimum if it labels [Formula: see text] by using [Formula: see text] isolated vertices. In this paper, we investigate the lower bounds for the number of isolates required by an even fan and an odd fan, and then we construct optimum sum labelling for the graphs to prove: [Formula: see text]

REMOVING LAND COVER SPURIOUS CHANGE BY GEO-ECO ZONING RULE BASE

The speed of change in land cover is growing faster with the development of social science and technology. Remote sensing has become the most effective way to monitor change information. However, remote sensing images reflect only the instantaneous state of the Earth’s surface. Spectral characteristics cannot correctly reflect the actual state, and this inability results in the limited classification accuracy of land cover products. In order to obtain high accuracy change detection results, it is necessary to identify and eliminate spurious changes.At present, the spurious changes are generally identified by visual interpretation which not only labor and time consuming, but also easily lead to misjudgment due to the lack of identification experience of the interpreter. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a spurious change rule base to automatically identify spurious changes. In this study, the global geo-eco zoning can be used to build a rule base to identify and eliminate spurious changes.The structure and content of the rule base are designed, the rules are represented and put into the rule library, the plugins are designed to remove spurious changes, and a rule base management system is established to identify the spurious changes using the rules in the rule base. 30m Land cover products of Laos were selected as the experimental area to verify the accuracy of the change patches after eliminating spurious changes. Results show that the accuracy of change detection is improved by using the rule base of geo-eco zoning to identify spurious changes.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN PERLENGKAPAN RUMAH TANGGA BERBASIS WEB DI PT. TEGAR PRIMA NUSANTARA CIMAHI

Berkembang pesatnya bidang teknologi khususnya teknologi informasi, semakin dirasakan manfaatnya dewasa ini dalam berbagai sektor termasuk sektor bisnis.PT. Tegar Primanusantara yang berlokasi di Cimahi merupakan suatu perusahaan bisnis untuk produk-produk tekstil dan garmen. Dalam menjalankan kegiatan penjualan produk, perusahaan tersebut masih menggunakan cara manual dalam pengolahan datanya dan belum menggunakan salah satu aplikasi teknologi berbasis web yaitu e-commerce untuk strategi pemasaran produk. Dengan cara tersebut, maka akan memunculkan kendala-kendala yang cukup merepotkan bagi pihak perusahaan, seperti : zona pemasaran yang tidak dapat menjangkau seluruh kawasan dan masyarakat tidak dapat menerima informasi dengan cepat dan akurat tentang produk-produk baru yang dihasilkan perusahaan.Penelitian yang dilakukan penulis bertujuan untuk merancang bangun sebuah sistem informasi penjualan perlengkapan rumah tangga yang berbasis website di perusahaan tersebut, sehingga nantinya diharapkan dapat menjangkau daerah pemasaran yang luas dan mempermudah pelanggn dalam bertransaksi atau memesan produk.Metode perancangan sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web ini adalah dengan menggunakana metode UML (Unified Modelling Language), dan untuk implementasi menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP. Adapun database yang digunakan adalah MySQL sebagai DBMS (Data Base Management System), yang merupakan antarmuka dari aplikasi yang dihasilkan. Melalui penggunaan teknologi internet, maka layanan produk dapat dilakukan secara komprehensif serta tidak memiliki ruang batas dan waktu. Adapun hasil penelitian yang dilakukan penulis adalah membuat sistem penjualan perlengkapam rumah tangga berbasis web pada PT. Tegar Primanusantara, yang berpengaruh terhadap proses bisnis menjadi lebih mudah.

Research on Management System of Automatic Driver Decision-Making Knowledge Base for Unmanned Vehicle

The acquisition, presentation and management of autonomous driving decision-making knowledge of unmanned vehicles are the key and difficult issues in the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. This paper presents a knowledge model, which includes problem description layer and problem-solving knowledge layer. The automatic driving decision knowledge base of unmanned vehicle is composed of a set of knowledge models. Knowledge model supports knowledge representation and reasoning. Based on the WEB visualization knowledge modeling tool and visualization knowledge service tool, we construct the decision-making knowledge base management system for autonomous driving of unmanned vehicles and then construct the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. The reasoning example shows that the knowledge base management system can effectively improve the knowledge acquisition, representation and maintenance efficiency of autonomous driving decision-making system, which is of great significance in enhancing the intelligence level of autonomous driving decision-making system.

Knowledge Acquisition for Importing Existing Traces to a Trace Base Management System

Trace Base Management System (TBMS) offers processing and querying functionalities for traces that may be of interest to users of tracked systems. Our goal is to ensure the importing of various external traces into kernel for Trace-Based System (kTBS), which is a TBMS developed in the LIRIS laboratory. To overcome the problem of traces heterogeneity, we propose to define a generic collector. To this end, a user with enough knowledge of the tracked system is prompted to define its kTBS trace model and correspondences between the elements of this model and the elements of the trace to import. The system generalises the mappings previously elicited by the user through interaction to create mapping rules. After this phase, the collector will generate modelled traces from the existing ones and the already defined mapping rules.