Polymerization and isomerization cyclic amplification for nucleic acid detection with attomolar sensitivity

DNA amplification is one of the most valuable tools for the clinical diagnosis of nucleic acid-related diseases, but current techniques for DNA amplification are based on intermolecular polymerization reactions, resulting in the risk of errors in the intermolecular reaction pattern.

Correlation between Yield and Reduced Mass of Raw Materials in Intermolecular and Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions

Correlation between yield and reduced mass of raw materials in intramolecular C-N, C-C, C-O coupling reactions and intramolecular/intermolecular Diels-Alder reactions was revealed. The regression equation was found to be the same as that of intermolecular reactions; yield = -0.1861<i>M</i>_AB/(<i>n</i>_A<i>n</i>_B<i>n</i>_I)+100.0, where <i>M</i>_AB is the reduced mass per mole and <i>n</i>_A and <i>n</i>_B are the total number of each reaction site in molecular A and molecular B in the reaction system, and <i>n</i>_I is the number to distinguish whether it is a intramolecular reaction or intermolecular reaction.

Correlation between Yield and Reduced Mass of Raw Materials in Intermolecular and Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions

Correlation between yield and reduced mass of raw materials in intramolecular C-N, C-C, C-O coupling reactions and intramolecular/intermolecular Diels-Alder reactions was revealed. The regression equation was found to be the same as that of intermolecular reactions; yield = -0.1861<i>M</i>_AB/(<i>n</i>_A<i>n</i>_B<i>n</i>_I)+100.0, where <i>M</i>_AB is the reduced mass per mole and <i>n</i>_A and <i>n</i>_B are the total number of each reaction site in molecular A and molecular B in the reaction system, and <i>n</i>_I is the number to distinguish whether it is a intramolecular reaction or intermolecular reaction.

Decarboxylative Umpolung Synthesis of Amines from Carbonyl Compounds

2-Azaallyl anions are valuable intermediates which have versatile applications in functionalization with various electrophiles. Decarboxylation of the imines formed from aromatic aldehydes and α,α-diphenylglycine provides an interesting and efficient way to generate delocalized 2-azaallyl anions, which display high reactivity toward different electrophiles with excellent regioselectivity at the diphenylketimino aryl carbon of the 2-azaallyl anions. The transformation produces various amines in good yields under very mild conditions. This Synpacts article highlights the recent advances on the decarboxylative umpolung synthesis of amines from carbonyl compounds.1 Introduction2 Decarboxylative Umpolung Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with Different Electrophiles2.1 Reaction with π-Allyl–Pd(II) Species2.2 Reaction with Morita–Baylis–Hillman Adducts2.3 Reaction with Imines2.3.1 Intermolecular Reaction with N-Ts Imines2.3.2 Intramolecular Reaction with Chiral N-tert-Butanesulfinyl Imines2.4 Reaction with Aldehydes and Ketones3 Decarboxylative Umpolung Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with Aldehydes4 Conclusion

Photocatalytic Oxidative C–H Thiolation: Synthesis of Benzothiazoles and Sulfenylated Indoles

We report studies on the photocatalytic formation of C–S bonds to form benzothiazoles via an intramolecular cyclization and sulfenylated indoles via an intermolecular reaction. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory studies suggest that benzothiazole formation proceeds via a mechanism that involves an electrophilic sulfur radical, while the indole sulfenylation likely proceeds via a nucleophilic sulfur radical adding into a radical cationic indole. These conditions were successfully extended to several thiobenzamides and indole substrates.

A Straightforward Selective Acylation of Phenols over ZSM-5 towards Making Paracetamol Precursors

Commercially available ZSM-5 was minimally treated as the catalyst to selectively acylate phenols. The ZSM-5 was simply immersed in ammonium nitrate in order to fill the pores with Brönsted acid to concentrate the catalytic reactions inside the pores. The reactions were carried out in liquid phase at 383 K. Acetic acid and propionic acid were chosen as the acyl substrate. Gas chromatography reveals two products which are phenyl acetate and almost exclusively para-hydroxyacetophenone meaning no ortho product observed. This para selectivity can be attributed to the pores of ZSM-5 where the reaction is assumed to be happening via intermolecular reaction. It is a relatively straightforward method in making para-hydroxyacetophenone which is known as paracetamol precursor. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 29th June 2018; Revised: 1st August 2018; Accepted: 5th August 2018How to Cite: Roswanda, R., Sirampun, A.D., Mukti, R.R., Mujahidin, D. (2018). A Straightforward Selective Acylation of Phenols over ZSM-5 towards Making Paracetamol Precursors. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (3): 573-587 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.3.2856.573-587)Permalink/DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.3.2856.573-587

Correction: Hydrazone-Pd-catalyzed direct intermolecular reaction of o-alkynylphenols with allylic acetates

Correction for ‘Hydrazone-Pd-catalyzed direct intermolecular reaction of o-alkynylphenols with allylic acetates’ by Kohei Watanabe et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2018, 16, 575–584.