DEVELOPMENT OF EXPRESS DIAGNOSTICS OF COLD ENDURANCE AND PROPENSION TO BRONCHOPULUM DISEASES ON THE BASIS OF REGISTRATION OF BRAIN MICROVIBRATIONS

The paper explored the possibility of using the complex for registration and spectral analysis of microvibrations of the brain for mass examinations, professional selection of contingents working in difficult climatic conditions of the North and the Far East. Spectral characteristics of factors leading to increased expression of TRPM8 cold receptors were studied in the rhythms of brain activity using a menthol functional test. The results of the work can be used to identify people at risk of developing bronchopulmonary pathology.

Ion Channels and Thermosensitivity: TRP, TREK, or Both?

Controlling body temperature is a matter of life or death for most animals, and in mammals the complex thermoregulatory system is comprised of thermoreceptors, thermosensors, and effectors. The activity of thermoreceptors and thermoeffectors has been studied for many years, yet only recently have we begun to obtain a clear picture of the thermosensors and the molecular mechanisms involved in thermosensory reception. An important step in this direction was the discovery of the thermosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) cationic channels, some of which are activated by increases in temperature and others by a drop in temperature, potentially converting the cells in which they are expressed into heat and cold receptors. More recently, the TWIK-related potassium (TREK) channels were seen to be strongly activated by increases in temperature. Hence, in this review we want to assess the hypothesis that both these groups of channels can collaborate, possibly along with other channels, to generate the wide range of thermal sensations that the nervous system is capable of handling.

Effect of Capsaicin and Other Thermo-TRP Agonists on Thermoregulatory Processes in the American Cockroach

Capsaicin is known to activate heat receptor TRPV1 and induce changes in thermoregulatory processes of mammals. However, the mechanism by which capsaicin induces thermoregulatory responses in invertebrates is unknown. Insect thermoreceptors belong to the TRP receptors family, and are known to be activated not only by temperature, but also by other stimuli. In the following study, we evaluated the effects of different ligands that have been shown to activate (allyl isothiocyanate) or inhibit (camphor) heat receptors, as well as, activate (camphor) or inhibit (menthol and thymol) cold receptors in insects. Moreover, we decided to determine the effect of agonist (capsaicin) and antagonist (capsazepine) of mammalian heat receptor on the American cockroach’s thermoregulatory processes. We observed that capsaicin induced the decrease of the head temperature of immobilized cockroaches. Moreover, the examined ligands induced preference for colder environments, when insects were allowed to choose the ambient temperature. Camphor exposure resulted in a preference for warm environments, but the changes in body temperature were not observed. The results suggest that capsaicin acts on the heat receptor in cockroaches and that TRP receptors are involved in cockroaches’ thermosensation.

Huber-Braun neuron dynamics

We study a physiologically realistic implementation of internal stochasticity in a four dimensional Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) type model of cold receptors. We show that in a deterministically tonic-firing regime, changing the parameters can drive the neuron into a state of complex bursting behavior. An explanation of the mechanism behind this effect is given in terms of a bifurcation diagram of inter-spike interval (ISI) as the temperature and external current are altered.