EFFECT OF NEEDLES DIET SUPPLEMENT ON GEESE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES

The quantity of young geese for fattening depends on the geese parent flock and its reproductive qualities. There-fore, an important technological point is the organization of balanced feeding of the parent flock. The research goal was tostudy the effect of needles diet supplement on the egg production of geese. The experiment was carried out in the peasant farm enterprise “KFKh Shuvaeva Marina Anatolyevna” on the geese of the parent flock of the Lindovskaya breed. To achieve this goal, two groups of 1000 geese were formed. The first group was the control and received the basic diet which nutritional value corre-sponded to the standard; the second group was the trial group, and its basic diet contained 0.5% of the needles feed supplement. This supplement was obtained by extru-sion and contained 199 mg of carotene per kg. The use of the needles supplement in geese diets of the parent flock at a dose of 0.5% increased the gross hatching egg yield per laying female housed by 10.14 and 11.1, respectively. At the same time, the economic effect from 1 head of the parent flock made 77.4 rubles.

Effectiveness of Physical Activity and Finger Millet-Based Food Supplement on Biochemical Parameters and Bone Mineral Density among Premenopausal Women

The effectiveness of physical activity and finger millet-based food supplement on biochemical parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) among premenopausal women were studied. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and BMD of 720 women (30–40 years) were analyzed. From them, 150 women with low BMD (t-score, −1 to −2.5) and low calcium (<9.0 mg/dL) were randomized to control and experimental groups, equally. The experimental group was given 5 days per week physical activity, for 3 months, and a diet supplement of finger millet-based sweet balls (ragi laddu), 3 days per week for 3 months. The above parameters were measured as the posttest. Physical activity was assessed by the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire. A 24 h recall assessment was carried out for the diet supplement, and self-reported activity checklist was maintained for physical activity. Among 720 women, 163 (22.6%) showed BMD, t-score < −1.0, and calcium <9.0 mg/dL p < 0.001 . The serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were also low p < 0.001 . After the supplementation to the experimental group, all the biochemical parameters, BMD, and physical activity score showed significant improvement in the posttest p < 0.001 . This study showed significantly low BMD and calcium among premenopausal women. Physical activity and finger millet supplement improved the calcium level and BMD.

Efficacy of personalized mobile-Health coaching program during pregnancy on maternal diet, supplement use and physical activity: A protocol for a Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Adequate intake of macro and micronutrients and adoption of an active lifestyle during pregnancy are essential for optimum maternal and fetal health and offspring development. Dietary counselling and advice for adequate physical activity make integral components of antenatal care. Personalized coaching through the use of mobile health (m-Health) which supports behaviour modification is an innovative approach that needs exploration. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective is to assess the efficacy of an m-Health program in improving diet, supplement use and physical activity during pregnancy. Secondary objectives include evaluation of its effect on maternal and offspring health outcomes and assessment of its compliance and usability. METHODS A randomized control trial is initiated at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi in January 2020. We aim to recruit 300 pregnant women in their first trimester having smartphones and without co-morbid or on medications. The intervention group would be trained to use an m-Health application named as PurUmeed Aaghaz. Through this application, the subjects would report information about their diet, supplement use and physical activity and would receive personalized advice and 3 push messages as weekly reminders. Research Assistant would obtain similar information from the non-intervention group on a paperless questionnaire who would receive standard face-to-face counselling on diet, supplement use and physical activity. Data would be collected at enrolment and on 4 follow-ups scheduled 6 weeks apart. Primary study outcomes include improvement in the diet (change in mean Dietary Risk Score (DRS) from baseline to each follow-up), supplement use (change in mean supplement use score and biochemical levels of folic acid, iron, calcium and vitamin D on a study subset) and mean duration of reported physical activity (minutes). Secondary study outcomes relate to maternal (gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and gestational weight gain), newborn (birth weight and length and gestational age at delivery) and infant health (body mass index and blood pressure at 1 year of age). Compliance would be determined by proportion completing coaching program at 6 months and usability would be assessed based on features related to design, interface, content, coaching, perception and personal benefit. RESULTS The study is approved by the Ethical Review Committee in 2017. As of June 01, 2021, 258 participants have been enrolled. Recruitment will be completed by July 2021 and results are expected to be released by early 2023. CONCLUSIONS This study will be an important step towards evaluating the role of m-Health in improving behaviours related to the consumption of healthy diet and supplement use, for promoting physical activity during pregnancy and in influencing maternal and offspring outcomes. If proven effective, m-health intervention can be scaled up and included in antenatal care package at tertiary care hospitals of Low Middle-Income Countries. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04216446. Registered January 2, 2020.

β-Glucans as Dietary Supplement to Improve Locomotion and Mitochondrial Respiration in a Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked neuromuscular childhood disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. A lack of dystrophin in DMD leads to inflammatory response, autophagic dysregulation, and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle fibers that play a key role in the progression of the pathology. β-glucans can modulate immune function by modifying the phagocytic activity of immunocompetent cells, notably macrophages. Mitochondrial function is also involved in an important mechanism of the innate and adaptive immune responses, owing to high need for energy of immune cells. In the present study, the effects of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans on five-day-old non-dystrophic and dystrophic (sapje) zebrafish larvae were investigated. The effects of the sonication of β-glucans and the dechorionation of embryos were also evaluated. The results showed that the incidence of dystrophic phenotypes was reduced when dystrophic embryos were exposed to 2 and 4 mg L−1 of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans. Moreover, when the dystrophic larvae underwent 8 mg L−1 treatment, an improvement of the locomotor performances and mitochondrial respiration were observed. In conclusion, the observed results demonstrated that 1,3-1,6 β-glucans improve locomotor performances and mitochondrial function in dystrophic zebrafish. Therefore, for ameliorating their life quality, 1,3-1,6 β-glucans look like a promising diet supplement for DMD patients, even though further investigations are required.

An Attempt to Enrich Pig Meat with Omega-3 Fatty Acids Using Linseed Oil Ethyl Ester Diet Supplement

This study aims to evaluate an effect of pig diet supplementation with ethyl esters derived from linseed oil with a high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) on the fatty acids profile of meat. The study was conducted on Polish Landrace fatteners supplemented for a period of 7 weeks (control and experimental groups of 8 animals each, 16 in total). After this period, loin (Longissimus dorsi) and ham (Biceps femoris) samples were collected for laboratory analysis, including basic composition (fat, protein, ash, dry matter) and fatty acids (FAs) profile. The supplementation caused a significant increase in the level of ALA acid, decrease in the content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), increase in unsaturated FAs level, and resulting decrease in the ratio of n-6/n-3. The indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity were beneficially altered in the experimental groups. It can thus be supposed that meat enriched this way may be considered as an interesting choice for consumers who are aware of the importance of diet consumed.

Impact of Mushroom Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex) Fr. Extract on Lipid Profile and Testosterone of Rat

Pleurotus tuber-regium has been used as fodder and traditionally used as medicinal supplement. The aim of this study was to screen in vitro proximate biochemical composition and nutritional potentiality of P. tuber-regium extract for further in vivo analysis of impact of the extract on serum lipid and testosterone profile of rats. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol were measured photometrically. Testosterone was measured by chemiluminescence immune assay. P. tuber-regium extract contains different biochemicals such as proteins, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, phenols etc. and showed highly quantified calorific value (297.89±1.92 calori/100g). Acute toxicity test showed no mortality and toxic behavioural symptoms. Significant decrease in total cholesterol (75.52±0.39mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (34.58±1.69mg/dL) and triglyceride (81.31±1.25) were observed in rat group treated with 200mg/kg dose of extract. 400mg/kg dose of extract showed higher efficacy than 200mg/kg dose of extract and significantly decreased total cholesterol (72.25±1.11mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (26.37±1.21mg/dL) and triglyceride (69.42±0.72). The extract showed testosterone enhance efficacy. 400mg/kg dose of extract showed high level testosterone (178.96±0.68 ng/dL) enhance efficacy than 200mg/kg dose (174.64±0.64ng/dL). Due to hypocholesterolaemia and testosterone elevating properties of P. tuber-regium extract, it can be said that, mushroom P. tuber-regium can be consumed as healthy diet supplement to maintain cholesterol level and to maintain good male reproductive health.