Hair and scalp disorders

This chapter outlines of some of the more common conditions affecting the hair and scalp in children. It reviews investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of hair loss, including scarring and non-scarring disorders, and the approach to the child with excessive hair growth. Also discussed are common scalp infections and infestations, including tinea capitis, scalp impetigo, and pediculosis capitis. Inflammatory dermatoses of the scalp including psoriasis and seborrheic eczema are reviewed with treatment recommendations. Scalp lesions are also discussed. Clinical images are embedded into the chapter and help to demonstrate many of the conditions described.

Seasonal variation of common skin diseases in pediatric age group a retrospective study conducted in a medical college of Nepal

INTRODUCTION: Seasonal variation in disease frequency has been observed for centuries. The direct effects of climate on the skin play a small but significant role in determining the geographical and seasonal variation of many skin disorders also in pediatric age group. In our country Nepal where there is a wide range of climates and where pediatric population of 0 to 14 years constitutes 34.19% of the total population there is a need for studying the seasonal variation of pediatric dermatoses separately. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the outpatient department of dermatology of Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital for a period of 1 year. The total patients were divided according to 4 seasons spring, summer, autumn and winter and analyzed with Chi square test. RESULTS: Out of total 2032 patients 52% was male and 48% was female. Majority of the visits was in the winter season, followed by summer, spring and autumn. The five most common dermatological problems in the pediatric age group were impetigo, lichen urticatus, scabies, seborrheic eczema and milaria. lichen urticatus, seborrheic eczema and milaria showed statistically very significant seasonal variation but impetigo and scabies did not. The age wise variation of these common dermatoses was also statistically highly significant. CONCLUSION: Many common dermatoses in the pediatric age group show seasonal variation and age wise variation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i1.10483 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol.2(1): 7-11