„Familien-Denkmal“ vs. „National Eigenthum“

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s personal library was a prime source of his literary and scientific writings, but has nonetheless found little attention in research. This study explains this disregard by examining the library as both “familial inheritance” (Erbe) and “cultural heritage” (Kulturerbe), two conflicting concepts that, nonetheless, both resulted in the monumentalization of the writer’s book collection. By turning Goethe’s library into a monument, the individual, telling histories of the books he owned, has often been overshadowed. Many books are associated with multiple owners and have gone through the hands of Goethe’s family, friends, and assistants. Against this background, provenance research allows us to gain new insights into Goethe’s works, reading and writing practices, as well as his stylization as a German national poet.

Blount disease and familial inheritance in Ghana, area cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to study familial inheritance for Blount disease to create better understanding of the aetiology of Blount disease.MethodsAfter reviewing patient files and conventional roentgenologic imaging, 139 patients with Blount disease were included in this cross-sectional study, of which 102 patients were interviewed. During the interviews, patient characteristics and family history were collected. Blood samples were taken from five patients and three families and a whole exome sequencing was performed.ResultsAlthough patients came from all over the country, 90% of the patients belonged to the Akan tribe. A positive family history was found in 63 families (62%), of which, almost two-third had a positive family history in a first-degree family member. In most of the cases (64%), the varus legs resolved over time. In 9%, severe bowing remained ‘just like the patient’. The results of the whole exome sequencing did not show a genetic predisposition.ConclusionThis study describes a large group of Blount patients. Because of the high numbers of positive family history and the centralisation of patients in the Akan region, a familial predisposition is suggested. Further genetic research is essential for better understanding of the possible multifactorial aetiology in Blount disease.

Waardenburg syndrome: case series

<p class="abstract">Waardenburg syndrome is a rare genetic disorder of neural crest cell development with incidence of 1:42000 to 1:50,000. The syndrome is not completely expressed and hence adds to its hetergenecity with symptoms varying from one type of syndrome to another and from one patient to another. Unilateral heterochromia that manifests in some people is associated with Waardenburg syndrome and Parry-Romberg syndrome. This is a case series of four cases with features of Waardenburg syndrome with variable presentations and familial inheritance.</p>

Grief, Mourning, and the Horrors of Familial Inheritance

Familial traumas, especially grief about a lost parent or child, form one of the most prominent ways that post-horror encroaches on the generic territory of serious arthouse dramas, generating lingering discomfort in viewers. With the affective shape of trauma at their disposal, many of these films depict mothers and their offspring turned monstrous through unsuccessful processes of mourning. Examining the narrative strategies and depictions of trauma in Goodnight Mommy, The Babadook, and Hereditary, this chapter argues that themes of generationally inherited dysfunction serve as a larger metaphor for post-horror’s own relationship to both the horror genre and art cinema, including its atavistic influences from earlier generations of art-horror films.

Hand Preference in Rhinopithecus roxellana Infants: Is It Influenced by Familial Inheritance?

The Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is a typical arboreal group-living Old-World primate and has been studied broadly in hand preference. However, infants have not been tested independently from other immature individuals to date. The purpose of the present study was to investigate hand preference in a spontaneously unimanual feeding task in nine infants at 12 months and the relationship of hand preference with their parents in R. roxellanae. Most infants (89%) showed individual-level hand preference. No correlation was found in the direction of hand preference between infant and its parents, and a significant negative correlation in the strength of hand preference was found between infants and their mothers (r = −0.715, p = 0.03). Moreover, there was no sex difference in the direction and strength of hand preference both in infants and adults (i.e., parents). Meanwhile, the strength of hand preference in adults was stronger than that in infants. This study is a first and preliminary exploration for the expression of hand preference in R. roxellanae infants and whether their hand preference was influenced by familial inheritance.

Risk of Ischemic Placental Disease in Relation to Family History of Preeclampsia

Objective To assess the risk of ischemic placental disease (IPD) including preeclampsia, small for gestational age (SGA), and abruption, in relation to preeclampsia in maternal grandmother, mother, and sister(s). Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial of vitamins C and E for preeclampsia prevention. Data on family history of preeclampsia were based on recall by the proband. The associations between family history of preeclampsia and the odds of IPD were evaluated from alternating logistic regressions. Results Of the 9,686 women who delivered nonmalformed, singleton live births, 17.1% had IPD. Probands provided data on preeclampsia in 55.5% (n = 5,374) on all three family members, 26.5% (n = 2,562) in mother and sister(s) only, and 11.6% (n = 1,125) in sister(s) only. The pairwise odds ratio (pOR) of IPD was 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.36) if one or more of the female relatives had preeclampsia. The pORs of preeclampsia were 1.54 (95% CI: 1.12–2.13) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.03–1.77) if the proband's mother or sister(s) had a preeclamptic pregnancy, respectively, but no associations were seen for SGA infant or abruption. Conclusion This study suggests that IPD may share a predisposition with preeclampsia, suggesting a familial inheritance.

Familial inheritance and screening of first-degree relatives in common variable immunodeficiency and immunoglobulin A deficiency patients

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and immunoglobulin A deficiency (IgAD) are the most prevalent primary immunodeficiency disorders. High rates of familial inheritance have been described in CVID and IgAD, but it is unknown in different ethnic populations. We aimed to determine the prevalence of familial cases and whether they showed more severe clinical characteristics than sporadic ones in Turkish patients. A total of 40 CVID and 70 IgAD patients and their 251 first-degree relatives (FDRs) were evaluated. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were reviewed. A familial case was defined as a patient with at least one affected FDR (A-FDR). The rate of parental consanguinity was 19.1%. There were 37 familial cases (37/110) (33.6%) with at least one A-FDR. There were 48 A-FDRs who had immunoglobulins lower than age-related normals (48/251) (19.1%). Pulmonary infections were significantly higher in familial cases. To our knowledge, this study includes the highest number of CVID/IgAD patients and their FDRs in literature. Familial cases are at least 30% of the IgAD and CVID patients, and they have more frequent lower respiratory tract infections than sporadic ones, so these patients have to be evaluated depending on their being familial or sporadic for better management. The risk of carrying any immunologic alterations in relatives of patients with IgAD and CVID is approximately 20%. Although most A-FDRs are asymptomatic, considering the risk of progression to CVID by age, we highly recommend routine screening for FDRs.