The Larval Stage of Taenia taeniaeformis in Wistar Albino Rats with an Illustration of Biochemical and Histopathological Changes

Background: Performing all the diagnostic tools before subjecting animals for designed experimental study is time consuming and economically not feasible. Furthermore, it may divert the researchers from original planned work to other areas. But these factors not acceptable to compromise in the assessment of effect of different regenerative agents, drugs and herbal preparation on liver. This is important to prevent any diversions in the actual results of the research due to the prior infection caused by Strobilocercus fasciolaris the lab animals. The study aimed to detect Strobilocercus fasciolaris infected Wistar albino rats using biochemical parameters as a diagnostic marker before subjecting the animals to any designed experimental study. Methods: The study mainly utilizes abdominal exploration, morphological examination of the larvae, histopathological examination of liver and finally the biochemical parameters changes in the concerned animal. 192 animals used for this study in that 32 had single to multiple cysts in the liver on abdominal exploration. Characteristic Strobilocercus larval morphology, histopathological alterations on liver and serological biomarkers was studied. Result: Our results showed that the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, gamma glutamyl transferase, blood urea nitrogen, and total protein can be used as indicators to measure the severity of Strobilocercus fasciolaris larva infection in rats.

Strengthening the Construction of Pathology Department of Chinese Primary Hospitals is an Urgent Task

Background: pseudomyxoma peritonei(PMP) is a rare disease, the incidence of occult, mainly occurs in the appendix, ovary, etc., generally speaking, the progress is slow, through imaging diagnosis is more difficult, and the symptoms are not typical, often found in abdominal exploration, the treatment effect is relatively poor. Because PMP is often secondary to appendectomy, it is particularly important to make a careful pathological examination of the specimen after appendectomy. Case presentation: This case is a middle-aged and elderly man. Seven years after appendectomy, the specimen was confirmed as PMP by pathology after laparoscopic exploration. Later, the specimen 7 years ago was reexamined and pathological examination showed that the tumor was composed of mucinous cells. Conclusions: This puts forward higher requirements for the construction of pathology department in China's primary hospitals.

Frank haematuria secondary to ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the inferior vesical artery: a case report and review of the literature

Background Pseudoaneurysm of a vesical artery is an extremely rare iatrogenic complication; however, it may cause fatal haematuria. Case presentation A 21-year-old Arab Jordanian male had multiple optical urethrotomies for an iatrogenic urethral stricture after he had rectal surgery for Hirschsprung’s disease at the age of 2 years. During one of his admissions to the Emergency Room (ER) with urinary retention, an attempt at suprapubic catheter insertion was complicated by massive bleeding at the insertion site of the catheter. Abdominal exploration showed a distended urinary bladder with clots and bleeding seen at the bladder neck that was controlled with multiple sutures. The patient rebled again two times; the first was controlled with cystoscopy and cautery for a pulsatile bleeder seen at the bladder neck. The second time, the patient required blood transfusion of three units of packed red blood cells. Angiography was performed, and a pseudoaneurysm at the base of the urinary bladder from the inferior vesical artery was diagnosed, which was controlled by embolization. Conclusion Pulsatile bladder haemorrhage following urological intervention is suggestive of pseudoaneurysm or arteriovesical fistula, and angiography with embolization is recommended.

Hydrosalpinx in adolescent girls: What did two cases teach?

Hydrosalphinx is the fallopian tubes getting filled with fluid due to their blockage. It usually occurs with obstruction of fallopian tubes after infection in women of sexually active age. The aim of this article is to draw attention to hydrosalpinx in adolescent girls because of two adolescent cases. First case; a cystic lesion of 38x51x76 mm in the right adnexal region was detected in the lower abdominal magnetic resonance imaging of a 13-year-old girl who presented with the complaint of abdominal pain and vomiting. Right tubal torsion and hydrosalpinx were detected during abdominal exploration. The tube was detorsioned and marsupialization was applied to the hydrosalpinx. Second case; a cystic lesion with dimensions of 24x12x35 cm was detected in the abdominal ultrasonography of a 16-year-old girl who presented with the complaint of abdominal pain and a palpable mass. On abdominal exploration, a right hydrosalpinx filling the entire abdomen was detected. Tubal excision was performed. Both cases have not been undergone any intraabdominal surgery previously. Hydrosalpinx is very rare in adolescent girls. Hydrosalpinx also should be considered in lower abdominal pain. Cases should be examined in terms of preventing infertility problems in future carefully, development of adhesion should be curtailed and parents should be informed in detail.

Role of conservative management in low energy transfer penetrating shotgun abdominal injuries

Background and aims Penetrating abdominal trauma can be caused by a variety of weapons which require different management protocols. After a long era of mandatory laparotomy for abdominal gunshot wounds, the concept of selective laparotomy and conservative management in the form of serial observations has been introduced in some centers. This study aims to assess the feasibility and safety of conservative management and close observation of victims of low energy transfer shotgun penetrating abdominal injury. Methods A prospective cohort study of hemodynamically stable patients who had sustained low energy transfer shotgun injuries to the abdomen who presented to the surgical emergency department of Cairo University Hospitals from May 2016 to January 2019. They were subjected to a conservative management and follow-up protocol. Results A total of 250 patients (167 males and 83 females) were included. The conservative management protocol was successful in 217/250 patients (86.8%), unsuccessful in 22 patients (8.8%) where abdominal exploration was done either open or laparoscopically. Delayed diagnosis of bowel injury occurred in one patient (0.4%). There was one death (0.4%) and abdominal exploration was negative in 10 (4%) patients. Conclusion We recommend this conservative protocol for the victims of low energy transfer penetrating shotgun injuries which may save many patients from the morbidities of unnecessary laparotomy. We accept that the injury pattern may not be sufficiently common in many countries to allow comfort with this non-operative approach.

Hydatid Cyst Migration in Peritoneal Cavity: A Case Report

Introduction. Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. In most of cases hydatid cysts are found in the liver but in rare cases a migration of the hydatid cyst can occur following rupture of hepatal pericist.Case. A 38 year old female presented with abdominal pain, fatigue, weakness and fever for more than three months. Computed tomography show segment II and IV hepatic per-magna cystic formations with dimensions: No I: 80×60×74 mm and No. II: 70×60×58 mm. Per magna cystic formation in the Douglas space, with dimensions of 93×90×62 mm with clearly expressed mass effect on surrounding organ structures.Discussion. Active hydatid disease may show migration of cysts due to rupture of hepatal pericyst, pressure difference between the anatomic cavities, and by contribution of gravity. Sudden death, anaphylactic shock and dissemination of disease can be seen with cystic content spillage into the peritoneal cavity.Conclusion. Migrated hydatid cysts are very rare parasitic manifestation presenting with symptoms deriving from the neighboring organs. They are diagnosed typically by CT and managed with evacuation of cysts following abdominal exploration. Full abdominal organ ultrasonography, with accent on the liver, should be performed in any case of intraabdominal simple cyst presence.

Suspected Gallbladder Torsion in a Juvenile German Shepherd Dog

ABSTRACT An 11 mo old intact female German shepherd dog was presented with a 1 day history of vomiting, abdominal pain, and lethargy. A complete gallbladder torsion with secondary bile leakage was diagnosed during exploratory laparotomy. The dog underwent cholecystectomy at the clearly demarcated border of the viable cystic duct and recovered with no complications. Torsion was possible as a result of the complete absence of normal connective tissue attachments to the hepatic fossa, in human medicine called a wandering gallbladder. No other abnormalities were found on complete abdominal exploration. Very few cases describe torsion of the cystic duct as a cause for extrahepatic biliary disease and secondary bile peritonitis in dogs.