Current Situation and Development Trend of China’s Agricultural Machinery Distribution

In the year of 2021, the Chinese government allocated 19 billion RMB for agricultural machinery subsidy. The data that accurately describes the scale of China’s agricultural machinery market could be calculated by analyzing the national agricultural machinery purchase investment, the total value of the parts market and the replacement market could be inferred. Since the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, China’s comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation, planting and harvesting has increased rapidly. In 2019, the national comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation, planting and harvesting exceeded 70 percent, and the production of the three major food crops of wheat, rice and corn was basically mechanized. This paper analyzes the scale of the complete machinery market, the market scale of key products in the Chinese agricultural machinery market, the basic situation of Chinese agricultural machinery distribution companies, the basic situation of the Chinese agricultural machinery purchasing groups, and the main gathering platforms of the Chinese agricultural machinery distribution market, explaining the current status of China’s agricultural machinery distribution, putting forward suggestions for the development of China’s agricultural machinery distribution market. There are major contradictions in the agricultural machinery market in China. The most important one is between supply and demand. In terms of crops, the level of comprehensive mechanization of wheat, rice and maize is relatively high, while the level of comprehensive mechanization of cash crops such as cotton oil, sugar and vegetable tea is relatively low; from a regional perspective, the level of mechanization in the northern plains is relatively high, and the level of mechanization in the hilly and mountainous areas of the south is relatively low; from an industrial point of view, the level of mechanization of planting industry is relatively high, while the level of mechanization of animal husbandry, fi shery and processing is low. Meanwhile, the contradiction between manufacturers and distributors, as well as the end-users is further intensifying. This article attempts to explain the effi ciency and benefi t of agriculture and the return on investment of agricultural machinery purchase. Only when agriculture is competitive, has good effi ciency and benefi ts, and the purchase of agricultural machinery has a good rate of return on investment, can the industry develop healthily.

JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE POTATO HARVESTING MACHINE

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of structural and technological schemes of potato harvesters identified the most appropriate direction to improve existing and create new designs of potato harvesters, undermining working bodies and separators and substantiation of structural and technological parameters. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. Based on a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes revealed the main processes affecting the agronomic performance of harvesting equipment, as well as the principles of influence of different separators on the potato heap showed that they use inefficient types of deformation, namely: impact and compression. Instead, studies suggest that tensile and shear deformations are much more effective, which are not realized in the current designs of the separators, or are only partially realized. On the basis of complex researches the technological scheme of the potato digger which working bodies (a ploughshare-shelf digger and a drum separator interact with a potato heap through deformations of a tension and shift that allows to separate effectively soil in various conditions of harvesting of tubers and other constructive and kinematic parameters is offered. potato harvester.

MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CUTTING POTATO BUILDING WITH A BLADE OF A LEMECH

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. The most common method of mechanized potato harvesting is undermining the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and separation of tubers from the heap, which contains plant impurities, soil lumps and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of strong soil lumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sifted sandy soils, using special agronomic techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of lumps. However, such measures are local in nature, not reliable enough and significantly complicate the technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily littered with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lump formation. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes, to develop a model for cutting a potato heap with a ploughshare blade. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting the main processes influencing agrotechnical indicators of harvesting equipment are revealed, the model of cutting of a potato heap by a ploughshare blade and other constructive and kinematic parameters of working bodies of a ploughshare blade is developed.

TECHNOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE IN PROVIDING ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR

The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific justification for the advancement of technological infrastructure and development of practical recommendations for improving the level of economic efficiency of technical support for the agrarian sector of the national economy.The paper examines the theoretical foundations of the technological infrastructure of agriculture in ensuring economic growth of the agricultural sector. The structure of the production assets of the agricultural complex is analyzed. The actual and significant in modern conditions, the problem of deteriorating technical support system in the country is considered. The main advantage of the study is identification of a system of machines providing for a comprehensive mechanization and automation of production processes. The article proposes directions for supporting measures to lease agricultural machinery of a new generation that is distinguished by high technical and economic indicators, both in cash and in kind

БЛОКУВАННЯ ТВАРИННИЦЬКИХ БУДІВЕЛЬ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ НЕПРИДАТНИХ ЗЕМЕЛЬ У РОСЛИННИЦТВІ

It is established that the construction of large volume buildings on the same site allows you to enter a more effective organization of construction works, which ultimately speeds up commissioning and reduces the costs of skotomesto. Multi-storey buildings dairy enterprises has a number of advantages that allow you to use the agricultural and traditional lands, reduces in comparison with one- piece construction built-up area of the complex is 2-5 times (depending on height), reduces the length of engineering networks and communications, reducing capital investment for the improvement allows the use of more efficient industrial methods of construction and installation works, reduce construction period, contributes to the comprehensive mechanization and automation of production processes, greatly reduce the surface of the enclosure, improving heat balance of the premises, allowing you to maximize the capacity of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures improve architectural expressiveness of livestock enterprises, gives you the opportunity to build a strong base of construction industry of large cities and industrial centers.It is established that the planning of enterprises for the production of milk with Zabudova building size 42х81 m in a three-storey version with the use of the land landscape, with a gradient 12-18% for 1200 cows provides the cost per head of 20,42 m2, building area of 8.5 m2, milk production per primary production 187,5 tonnes annually and per hectare of development – 2449 tons of milk at the level of profitability 70,74%.

The Research and Application of Efficient Dust Control System for Whole-Rock Comprehensive Mechanization Driving Face

To prevent high concentration dust on whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face efficiently, air curtain dust drawing and purification system were developed. This system is consisted of two sections, air curtain dust drawing device and dust purification system device. It determines optimized parameters of air curtain drawing dust device by combining site actual conditions and has realized short distance 3d dust absorbing and random movement. After using the efficient dust control system for whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face on south main return way,the average dust-laying rate of total coal dust and respirable dust in manually operation department, respectively reach 91.6% and 90.5%.It shows that this system is a efficient means for dust control of whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face.

Study on Proportioning Test of Coal Solid Waste Paste Filling Material

In order to excavate coal resourses which is under buildings, water bodies, railways and above confined water, a complete technology of new pumping paste comprehensive mechanization mining technique which is safety, high efficiency, high mining rate and environmental protection has been formed, the study on filling material is very important. In this thesis, the uniform experiment is used comprehensively on the proportioning test of mine solid waste such as coal gangue, fly ash etc. The results showed: (1) the collapsed slump of paste will increase obviously with the increase of the content of fly ash; (2) the paste stratified degree will decrease regularly with the increase of the content of fly ash; (3) the paste bleeding rate will reduce obviously with the increase of the content of fly ash; (4) the paste strength will increase gradually with the the increase of cementing material; (5) early strength agent can improve the early strength of filling test blocks to some extent, but the later strength growth is not obvious.