A comparison of lepidopteran damage to Hort16A and Hayward kiwifruit

The timing and incidence of lepidopteran damage to two kiwifruit cultivars Hort16A and Hayward were compared by monitoring tagged fruit bunches on unsprayed vines over two seasons In both seasons the percentage of fruit with caterpillar damage increased rapidly during the 8 weeks immediately after fruit set No new damage was found on Hort16A fruit after this time but Hayward fruit continued to be damaged from February until May Only 74 (both seasons) of Hort16A fruit incurred severe damage (nonexport) compared with 11 7 (1997) or 184 (1998) of Hayward fruit Damage to Hort16A fruit was generally to the sepal area or side of fruit whereas the side of fruit or stamen end were the most common feeding sites on Hayward Ctenopseustis obliquana and Stathmopoda spp caterpillars were the predominant species found on Hort16A fruit while C obliquana and Cnephasia jactatana were the most common species found on Hayward fruit

Adult activity patterns of Cnephasia jactatana Walker (Lepidoptera Tortricidae)

The New Zealand leafroller Cnephasia jactatana Walker is an important pest of kiwifruit Larvae of this species feed on dead or live plant tissues and damage the surface of the fruit or burrow deep into the flesh To provide important information for the development of adult monitoring and control methods we studied circadian rhythms and lifespan activity patterns of C jactatana The investigation was carried out at 20 2C 75 10 RH and a photoperiod of 168 h lightdark Females needed a significantly longer time to complete their life cycle than males Most moths emerged during the photophase On a circadian basis courtship activity peaked 3 and 6 h into scotophase; mating peaked 46 h into scotophase and most ovipositions occurred in the first 2 h of scotophase In the lifespan of this species male courtship display started 2 days after emergence and peaked 1 day later; mating and oviposition peaked 3 and 7 days after emergence respectively Most females initiated oviposition 1 day after mating