Missing Ingredients

This chapter examines how an African American woman born in 1899 to a black mother and white father, taken by the father's family from her mother, and brought up in a white household, negotiated her place in the racially complex society of the Eastern Shore of Virginia. The chapter begins with her recipe collection and moves to her most remembered speciality – yeast rolls. The chapter then explores the place of this bread in contexts of identity, reputation, remembrance, and race.

More on the Impact of Economic Freedom on the Black–White Income Gap

Using household-level data from 1980 to 2010, we examine whether economic freedom, as measured by the Economic Freedom of North America Index, has similar effects on white household income as it does on black household income. Our findings suggest that the positive effect of economic freedom found in most studies affects black households less than white households. Further, using the Oaxaca decomposition, our results show that economic freedom is an important factor explaining the gap between black and white household incomes.

Financial Services Shopping Preferences: A Comparison Of African American And White Households

<p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 34.2pt 0pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The purpose of this study is to generate information for financial services marketers who are seeking to reach and provide more effective service to the growing African American segment. This information is needed because research has shown that the shopping behavior of African American consumers differs from that of their white counterparts in terms of information gathering and patronage patterns.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Therefore, different marketing communications techniques may be needed to reach these people. Nevertheless, there has been a paucity of contemporary empirical studies of how shopping behaviors manifest themselves with regard to the purchase of financial services. This paper uses the Federal Reserve System's most recent Survey of Consumer Finances to analyze differences between black and white household financial services shoppers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Findings indicate that there are similarities and differences in the ways that blacks and whites seek to access the offerings of this industry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Suggestions are offered to financial services marketers based on these findings.</span></span></span></p>