Determinant of child obesity in COVID-19 pandemic and analysis of intervention requirement

The shift in diet and physical activity in modern society has resulted in obesity becoming a public health problem. This problem will be a burden to the state if it is not addressed early on. This study aims to examine and find models of obesity determinants based on consumption, physical activity, lifestyle, social and environmental factors. The sample was randomly selected for elementary school children in the city of Denpasar. The collected data were analyzed by using a structural equation model. Of the 375 elementary school children in the city of Denpasar, it is known that 35.5% are overweight, even one-third of them have entered the obesity stage. Consumption factors have the dominant contribution in increasing the risk of obesity. In the next order, other factors emerged: social factors; lifestyle; physical activity; followed by environmental factors. As a follow-up plan from the results of this study, a Digital-Based Nutrition Care Process for Obese Children will be designed which can later be disseminated on all mass line platforms as an intervention plan. Although the application is designed to be disseminated through the mass line platform, the role of the teacher is still needed to monitor the progress of this program.

Long Live the Mass Line! Errant Cadres and Post-Disillusionment PRC History

The first rule of PRC history might be “Never take the Chinese Communists at their word.” Early observers praised the CCP, but by the 1990s there was broad disillusionment among China scholars who increasingly believed that observable realities contradicted official claims. In the post-disillusionment era, that realization became a methodology; generations of students were trained to look for sources that exposed the truths the Party ostensibly sought to hide. For archival historians this method has produced strange results, because many of the sources used to tell the untold stories of Chinese Communism are the Party's own documents. Even as historians read the state's internal records critically, there is still a tendency to be noticeably uncritical when those documents contain information that seems to vitiate official propaganda. This article explores the unreliable analyses that result when scholars attempt to turn state sources against the state. It further argues that much of the “damning” evidence against the Party actually appeared in official, published sources—but because archival historians often dismiss propaganda as fiction, the scholarship has not traced state claims closely enough to recognize and identify them in classified sources.

Hong Kong’s Hybrid Regime and Its Repertoires

This chapter analyzes the roots of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) regime's learning curve in managing popular contention and the mechanisms that have enabled the regime to develop its authoritarian structure and practices. It first defines Hong Kong's hybrid regime in terms of its liberal–autocratic and central–local contradictions and then discusses various state countermobilization strategies used to respond to mass protests. The chapter then examines how the hybrid regime's strategies of disciplinary exclusion, patron-client politics, ideological work, and attrition have mobilized or incentivized proregime and nonstate actors against dissent. On the one hand, the hybrid regime has co-opted formal institutions and has manufactured informal networks through which political crisis has been maneuvered by the regime to monitor the ruling class's factional quarrels and to further develop its authoritarian protocols. On the other hand, the party-state's local apparatuses have extended and refined their united propaganda and mass-line strategies to address the rise of activism in Hong Kong.