NONSTANDARD RAW MATERIALS FOR ANORTHITE CERAMICS PRODUCTION

The paper analyzes the Russian and foreign research into the use of nonstandard raw materials in the production of constructional anorthite ceramics. The raw materials with different chemical composition are investigated. It is shown that the use of nonstandard raw materials in the ceramic mixture makes it possible to obtain constructional products with 43.1 MPa compressive strength, 2150 kg/m3 density, about 7 % water absorption and frost resistance that meets the requirements of regulatory documents. The physical and mechanical properties are obtained due to the anorthite phase containing in the composition of end ceramic products, which is confirmed by the X-ray phase and microscopic analyses.

Supports of ceramic mixture for acelerated growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis

Mycobacterium smegmatis (Ms), with its short generation time and low biosafety requirements, serves as an appropriate model to study Mycobacteria in general and is useful for assays of anti-tuberculosis agents. Recently, ceramic materials have been used in biomedical applications as a substrate. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of growth by Ms over supports prepared with a ceramic mixture. The supports were synthetized from hydroxyapatite (HA) and In2TiO5. SEM, EDS and XRD were used for analyze its final chemical composition. The increase of the oxygen concentration it is attributed to photocatalytic effect promoted by the sunlight exposure of supports immersed on MDB 7H9. The ceramic mixture, was responsible of the oxygen increase and, consequently, of the increase of eight times on the minimal inhibitory concentration in rezasurine assays on microplate. The use of the ceramic support showed the Ms growth 24 h before respect to the control without support.

Prospects for the Development of Building Ceramics Based on Clays and Nickel Slags of Orenburg Region

This paper discusses the properties of ceramic bricks produced on the basis of the raw material base of the Orenburg region, namely, waste generated during the development of brown coal from the Tyulgansk deposit - white and red clays and nickel slag of JSC Southern Urals Nickel plant of the Orenburg region. Man-made products, namely dumps of nickel slags of non-ferrous metallurgy, is a serious problem from the point of view of environmental pollution, therefore the disposal of this type of waste is relevant. One of the directions of disposal of these wastes is their use as an additive in the manufacture of ceramic products. The study presents data from the study of the technological properties of the raw materials, the development of the composition of the ceramic mixture. The influence of the material composition of the clay / slag mixture on the compressive strength, fire shrinkage, water absorption and density of experimental samples - bricks after calcination at a temperature of 1000 ° C is determined.

Use of Nonferrous Metallurgy Waste: Clayey Portion of the Zircon-Ilmenite Ore Gravity Tailings and Pyrite Cinders in Tile-Making

Studies have shown that using nonferrous metallurgy waste in the ceramic mixture for the making of roof tiles improves the final product quality; one can use the clayey portion of the zircon-ilmenite ore gravity tailings as the clay, pyrite cinders as leaners and sintering intensifier, and wollastonite as an agent to reduce shrinkage and prevent deformation-related buckling. The common method of linear regression was used to study the dependency of the basic physico-mechanical properties of tiles on how much clay from the zircon-ilmenite ore gravity tailings, pyrite cinders, and wollastonite is used in manufacture. The resultant mathematical model takes into account the combined effects these components have on the physico-mechanical properties of tiles; it matches well the experimental data.

Production Waste as a Component of Raw Materials for Construction Ceramics

The paper considers the existing problems of the production of ceramic products in the territory of the Russian Federation, presents the priority directions of development of this industry. The study includes the determination of the properties of samples based on the raw material base of the Orenburg region, namely, waste generated during the development of brown coal from the Tyulgansk deposit - white and red clays and nickel slag of OJSC Yuzhuralnickel Combine of the Orenburg region. The study presents data from the study of the technological properties of the raw materials, the development of the composition of the ceramic mixture. The influence of the material composition of the clay / slag mixture on the physic mechanical characteristics of the products of the experimental compositions was determined: compressive strength, fire shrinkage, water absorption and density.

Methods to Improve the Quality of Ceramic Products

This article presents the results of experimental studies aimed at improving the physicomechanical properties of effective hollow ceramic stones using various technological methods that will disperse, homogenize and structure the ceramic mixture by introducing industrial waste with high alumina content, dispersed reinforcement, and also mechanical activation of the molding material, accompanied by the fragmentation of clay particles to a colloidal degree of dispersion, allows eliminating the aging process. The main molding characteristics of the investigated mixtures were determined, X-ray phase analysis of ceramic masses and a shard of the control composition was performed and after dispersion, activation modes were worked out, strength characteristics of ceramic samples made of dispersed clay raw materials were determined.

SINTERING AND DURABILITY OF CLAYAND DIOPSIDE-CONTAINING CERAMIC AND FAIENCE WALL MATERIALS

The paper summarizes the research results of sintering and durability of wall ceramic materi-als modified by diopside-containing raw products and based on low-melting-point clays and loams, and kaolinand high-melting-point clay faience. Mechanical-and-physical properties of ceramic materials are identified and studied after annealing, depending on the diopside content. It is shown that depending on the content and introduction of clay minerals in the ceramic mixture, both coarse (0.5–1 mm) and fine (0.06 mm, dominating particle size of 0.01–0.015 mm) dis-persed diopside particles can be used. It is found that for loams with the clay mineral content of less than 10 wt.%, the addition of finely-dispersed diopside particles is more efficient. The latter provides ceramic sintering at 1000–1100 °С and increases its strength by 1.5–2 times. The intro-duction of dispersion diopside particles in the faience mixture lowers the annealing temperature from 1250 to 1150 °С with a simultaneous increase in its strength.

The Effect of Laser And Thermal Treatment on the Hardness and Adhesion Force on the Cermet Coating By Thermal Spray Technique

Ceramic coating compose from a ceramic mixture (MgO, Al2O3) and metall (Al-Ni) were produced by Thermal Spray Technique. The mixed ratio of used materials Al:Ni (50%) and 40% of Al2O3 and 10% MgO. This mixture was spray on a stainless steel substrate of type (316 L) by using thermal spray with flame method and at spraying distances (8, 12, 16 and 20) cm, then the prepared films were treated by laser and thermal treatment. After that performing a hardness and adhesion tests were eximined. The present study shows that the best value of the thermal treatment is 1000 ℃ for 30 mint; the optimum spray distance is 12 cm and most suitable laser is 500 mJ where the microscopic and mechanical characterstic of coating layer get well.