Comparison of Natural Dyes from Telang Flower Extracts (Clitoria ternatea L) as a Substitute for Methylen Blue in Diff Quik Painting

Telang flower (Clitorea ternatea L) is a type of vine that grows wild in rice fields and has been widely used as food coloring. Telang flowers contain several active compounds, which is anthocyanin gives a blue color. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the telang flower extract as a natural dye to substitute methylenen blue in diff quik painting. The analysis samples used were oral mucosal ephithelial cells which were taken by scraping the oral mucosa using cytobrush. Dried and mashed telang flower was then dissolved with distilled water (1:5) to make an extracts before the trial process of the samples. The results showed that the epithelial cells stained with methylene blue were better than telang flower extract. The immersion time of 15 minutes gave different colors to the cell nucleus and cytoplasm compared to 2 minutes and 5 minutes of immersion.

Reduksi Warna Methylen Blue (MB) dengan Granular Zeolit Klinoptilolit Teraktivasi

Zat warna metylen blue (MB) merupakan zat warna dasar yang sering digunakan dalam kegiatan industri di Indonesia. Teknologi yang dapat diterapkan dalam aplikasi pengolahan limbah cair yang mengandung MB adalah adosorbsi dengan granular zeolit. Tujuan dalam percobaan ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses adsorpsi dengan menggunakan granular zeolit. Zeolit yang sudah berbentuk granular dicuci selama 24 jam dan diaktivasi dengan penambahan KMnO4. Inisial konsentrasi yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini adalah 1 ppm; 5 ppm10 ppm; 20 ppm; dan 30 ppm. Efisiensi penyisihan warna MB tertinggi adalah 85,49% dengan inisial konsentrasi MB sebesar 5 ppm. Korelasi yang cukup baik dihasilkan pada masing-masing isoterm Langmuir sebesar 0,8248 dan isoterm Freundlich sebesar 0,9523.

Analisis Keberadaan Coliform dan Escherichia coli pada Es Batu dari Jajanan Minuman di Pasar Tengah Bandar Lampung

Abstrak: Es batu merupakan produk pangan yang dianggap aman untuk dikonsumsi. Es batu biasa dicampurkan pada minuman untuk menambah kesegaran. Es batu dibuat dari air minum yang dibekukan pada suhu 0℃. Walaupun suhu rendah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan sel mikroorganisme, es batu tetap saja memiliki kemungkinan mengandung mikroorganisme kontaminan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan Coliform dan Escherichia coli pada es batu dari berbagai minuman yang dijual di Pasar Tengah Bandar Lampung. Metode MPN (Most Probable Number) digunakan untuk menghitung Coliform sedangkan keberadaan bakteri E. coli dideteksi menggunakan media Eosin Methylen Blue Agar (EMB Agar). Sebanyak 8 sampel digunakan pada penelitian ini. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel positif mengandung Coliform dan 3 sampel positif mengandung E.coli. Faktor-faktor yang dapat menjadi sumber cemaran seperti bahan baku, alat dan praktik higienitas oleh penjual perlu diperhatikan agar es batu terbebas dari kontaminasi Coliform maupun E.coli.Kata kunci: Coliform, E. coli, MPN.Abstract: Ice cubes are a food product that is considered safe for consumption. Ice cubes are usually mixed with drinks to increase freshness. Ice cubes are made from drinking water which is then frozen at 0 ℃. Although low temperatures can inhibit the growth of microbial cells, ice cubes still have the possibility of containing microbial contaminants. This study aims to detect the presence of Coliform and Escherichia coli in ice cubes from various beverages sold in Pasar Tengah Bandar Lampung. The MPN (Most Probable Number) method was used to calculate Coliform, while the presence of E. coli was detected using Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB Agar) media. A total of 8 samples were used in this study. The results showed that all samples were positive for Coliform and 3 samples were positive for E. coli. Factors that can be a source of contamination such as raw materials, tools and hygiene practices by sellers need to be considered so that ice cubes are free from Coliform and E. coli contamination.Keywords: �Coliform, E. coli, MPN.

Deteksi Escherichia coli O157 pada air minum di Kelurahan Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeteksi adanya bakteri Escherichia coli O157 pada air minum kemasan, air minum isi ulang, dan air sumur di Kelurahan Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 20 sampel yang terdiri atas 4 merk air minum kemasan, 8 sampel air minum isi ulang, dan 8 sampel air sumur. Penelitian diawali dengan tahap isolasi E.coli pada medium Eosin Methylen Blue Agar (EMBA), yang dilanjutkan ke medium Sorbitol MacConkey Agar (SMAC) untuk identifikasi E.coli O157 dilanjutkan uji lateks aglutinasi (OXOID) dan diakhiri dengan uji konfirmasi gen rfbE menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 8 sampel yang positif E.coli pada medium SMAC menunjukkan positif E.coli O157 (colorless). Uji lateks aglutinasi juga menunjukkan 8 sampel positif E.coli O157 seperti kontrol ATCC 43894. E.coli ATCC 43894 dan 8 sampel E.coli dari berbagai air minum di Kelurahan Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang menunjukkan positif E.coli O157.

Laparosacopic management with combination of fatty meal and methylen-blu for chylous leak after a left para-aortic paraganglioma excision

We report a case of chylous leak recognized post-operatively after abdominal surgery for left para-aortic paraganglioma in a young female with a history of open botallo’s duct. Conservative measures failed to control the leak and the patient is not eligible for sclerotisation. Laparoscopic exploration with intralipidand methylen blue injection through an orogastric tube revealed the leaking area near the superior mesenteric vein behind the Traitz, and this was ligated with non-asorbable suture and placement of acrylic glue. The patient was discharged the 7th post-operative day after removal of the drainage which appeared to supply <100 cc of serum material. Outpatient control was successful and the patient is actually in good conditions.

Detection Of Ampicillin Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated From Chicken Livestock Farming In Surabaya, Indonesia

The study was carried out to isolate and detect the resistance of E. coli bacteria from four livestock in Surabaya, Indonesia. This research used 40 samples of chicken thigh meat. The first step is isolated Escherichia coli bacteria using BGBB media (Brillilliant Green Bile Broth), and then used EMBA (Eosin Methylen Blue Agar) media for confirmatory tests, IMViC tests (Indole, Methyl Red, Voges Praskauer, and Citrat) to identify the enterobacteriaceae bacteria, and performed the gram staining test. Determined the Escherichia coli sensitivity to antibiotic by using disk diffusion method. Resistance test has resulted for ampicillin against E.coli is 100% resistance in all farms. In this research 13 of 40 samples from chicken meat had positive E.coli. The result from electrophoresis product of PCR said that resistance Escherichia coli had a specific band. Total 13 samples of positive Escherichia coli resistance ampicillin has specific DNA band primary shv with 768 bp in length.

ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA METHYLENE BLUE MENGGUNAKAN ABU ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica) TERAKTIVASI ASAM SULFAT

Salah satu masalah dalam perkembangan industri kimia adalah pencemaran oleh limbah. Methylen blue merupakan zat pewarna tekstil dalam industri dan menjadi salah satu sumber pencemar lingkungan. Metode adsorpsi menggunakan abu alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica)merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menurunkan konsentrasi methylene blue. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio pH, waktu kontak dan massa adsorben terhadap adsorpsi oleh abu alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica). Metode penelitian ini meliputi 3 tahap. Tahap preparasi adsorben,adsorpsi, dan analisis Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan variasi rasio pH 3-10. variasi waktu kontak 15-90 menit dan massa adsorben 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5 dan 3 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi terbaik adsorpsi terjadi pada pH 3, waktu kontak 75 menit, dan massa adsorben 1 gram dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,4844 mg/g. Kata kunci : adsorben, adsorpsi, silikon dioksida, methylene blue, abu alang-alang

Ứng dụng xử lí Metylen Blue bằng than hoạt tính được điều chế từ hạt mắc ca với tác nhân hoạt hóa KOH

Nghiên cứu vật liệu xử lí nước thải than hoạt tính sinh học được điều chế từ vỏ hạt mắc ca bằng tác nhân hoạt hóa KOH theo tỉ lệ 1KOH: 1than thông qua khảo sát các yếu tố ảnh hưởng về nhiệt độ và thời gian. Kết quả nghiên cứu khả năng hấp phụ Methylen Blue (MB) ở nhiệt độ và thời gian tối ưu tương ứng 200oC và 60 phút của than hoạt tính cho thấy, với 1g than hoạt tính hấp phụ được 91,50mg Methylen Blue. Kết quả cho thấy hiệu suất xử lí màu Methylen Blue (MB) đạt 83,41% tương ứng với độ màu giảm từ 349,67 Pt-Co xuống còn 58 Pt-Co. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu trên cho thấy than hoạt tính sinh học được điều chế từ vỏ hạt mắc ca và hoạt hóa từ KOH có khả năng xử lí màu trong nước thải dệt nhuộm.

Uji Total Escherichia coli pada Susu Sapi Segar di Koperasi Peternak Sapi Perah (KPSP) Karyo Ngremboko Kecamatan Purwoharjo Kabupaten Banyuwangi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas susu sapi segar yang disetorkan oleh peternak ke Koperasi dan kemudian dihitung jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli yang selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan SNI. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada saat peternak mengantarkan susu sapi segar ke koperasi. Sampel yang diambil adalah susu yang ada di dalam milk can yang diambil dengan pipet steril dan juga karet penghisap. Sampel selanjutnya disimpan di dalam botol steril dan dibawa dengan menggunakan coolbox dilengkapi ice gel beku, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian di Laboratorium. Selanjutnya dilakukan penanaman pada media Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB), Escherichia coli Broth (ECB), Levine Eosin Methylen Blue Agar (L-EMBA) dan dilakukan uji biokimia Indole, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer, Citrate (IMViC) selanjutnya dilakukan pendugaan jumlah bakteri dengan menggunakan Most Probable Number (MPN). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bakteri Escherichia coli yang melebihi standart SNI > 3 APM/g yaitu 5 dari 16 sampel atau 31,25%. Hasil perhitungan berdasarkan MPN, sampel 7 menghasilkan angka 3APM/g, sampel 9 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g, sampel 10 menghasilkan angka 23 APM/g, sampel 13 menghasilkan angka 7,4 APM/g dan sampel 14 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g.

PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ARANG AKTIF DARI BAMBU APUS (Gigantochloa apus) DENGAN AKTIVATOR H3PO4

This paper discusses the manufacture and characterization of activated carbon from bamboo apus (Gigantochloa apus) with H3PO4 activator. The aims of study were to determine the optimum carbonization temperture and time as well as the amount of phosphoric acid required as the chemical activator. In addition, the activated carbon was also characterized following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI-1995) for activated carbon. Tthe activated carbon functional groups was determined using FTIR spectroscopy. The result showed that the optimum temperature of carbonization was 600oC, the carbonization time was 90 minutes and the phosphoric acid required was 20 gram for 1 gram carbon. Under these conditions, the activated carbon resulted met SNI-1995 with the characteristics as follows: the water content was (1.11±0.83%), the level of volatile substances was (8.13± 0.27%), the total ash amount was (7.33±1.35%), the carbon contents was (83.40±0.27%). and the absorption capacities of iodine and methylen blue were of 1057.75 mg/g, 472.88 mg/g, respectively. FTIR identification indicated the existence of some functional groups, namely aromatik, ketone, and hydroxyl.