Pengaruh encounter group discussion terhadap kepatuhan diet dan cairan pada pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) yang menjalani hemodialisis

Pembatasan diet dan cairan masih menjadi permasalahan utama pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Kondisi ini disebabkan kurangnya kepatuhan pasien terhadap pembatasan diet dan cairan. Rendahnya kepatuhan terhadap diet dan pembatasan cairan pada pasien dapat megakibatkan komplikasi seperti penyakit kardiovaskuler, edema paru, morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh encounter group discussion kepatuhan diet dan cairan pada pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Factorial True Experiment yang menggunakan desain randomized control group-pretest posttest design dan dilakukan random allocation. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien CKD yang menjalani HD di RUMKITAL dr.Ramelan Surabaya, yaitu sebanyak 200 pasien. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 54 responden dengan anggota pada masing-masing kelompok 27 responden. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah Intervensi Encounter Group Discussion dan variabel dependen adalah kepatuhan diet dan cairan. Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk melihat perbedaan nilai rata-rata setiap variabel dependen dalam kelompok. Uji yang digunakan adalah uji t sampel berpasangan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji t sampel berpasangan pada kepatuhan diet dan cairan, dapat diketahui bahwa pada kelompok intervensi mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai signifikansi p=0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Encounter Group Discussion dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan diet dan cairan pada pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisis.

Introversion and Social Engagement: Scale Validation, Their Interaction, and Positive Association With Self-Esteem

Learning through social interaction has been documented widely; however, how introverted people are socially engaged in learning is largely unknown. The aim of this study was, first, to examine the reliability and validity of the social engagement scale among students at Finnish comprehensive schools. Then, we aimed to examine the interaction effect of introversion and social engagement on self-esteem, schoolwork engagement, and school burnout. Based on a sample of 862 ninth grade students in Finland, we found that a two-factor model best fitted the social engagement scale (i.e., social engagement and social disengagement). Further, we found that introverts with high social engagement have higher self-esteem than introverts with low social engagement. Our results implied that introverts should be given extra support when they encounter group work in school.

Incorporating Islam in the Therapeutic Community modality for rehabilitation of substance and drug users. A Malaysian experience

Therapeutic Community (TC) was introduced in Malaysia back in the early 1990’s. TC was adopted from Daytop Village after rehabilitation officers attended a series of on-site training. Daytop model do not emphasis on religious aspects but when it was brought to Malaysia, Islam was made one of the primary components of TC. Compulsory five-time daily prayers, “Sunat” prayers, recitation of “doa”, “zikir”, reading Quranic verses and Prophet’s “Sunnah” has been a practice in spiritual-based rehabilitation in Malaysia and many other Muslim countries such as Indonesia and Brunei are incorporated in TC. In addition, program such as daily morning and departmental meetings also discussed daily, weekly and monthly religious programs; maintenance of the mosque is incorporated into the job function and specific budget and time were allocated for religious practices. Clients who do not perform their religious duties will be subjected to queries by both staffs and other clients. Counseling and penalty was imposed for recalcitrant. Studies in Malaysia found that clients readily accept religious inputs in the program, as it will be a part of their life outside the rehabilitation center. For those who are not religiously inclined, rejections are also evident. Encounter group in TC helps them to discover these rejections. Non- Muslim are provided with their own place of worship and religious teachings in accordance to their beliefs, however are invited to interact in Islamic religious program that do not involve worshipping, because it focusses on common good life values. In conclusion, the of Islamic practices and values in TC has shown a positive effect on Muslim clients undergoing substance use treatment in MalaysiaInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 01 No. 01 January’17. Page : 7-17