THE ROLE OF FAMILY EDUCATION IN THE SOCIALIZATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Family for a preschool child is the first and main factor of socialization. As experience and research shows, the family is not always a positive factor in the socialization of children. Mistakes of parents contribute to the disruption of the process of socialization and the appearance of self-doubt in the child. In this article, we will talk about an insecure child. Based on the study of the literature, we have compiled a generalized portrait of an insecure child. The author considers the reasons of uncertain behavior of the child. They include lack of love; adults do not provide their child support in unusual circumstances.They name calling, ridicule the child. Parents use such methods of education as warning, cautions, threats, punishment. The uncertainty of the child covers in emotional, behavioral spheres, in consciousness. The inability to understand the child, the motives of his actions, to see the situation through his eyes, to look at himself from the outside – the most typical disadvantage of parents. The child begins to think that he is really bad, weak-willed, that he is a failure. The article presents the types of self-doubt. The author describes the results of a survey of parents about the methods used to raise children in the family. The author considers the way to solve the problem: interaction with parents of children in kindergarten. Recommendations on the topic have been developed for parents: How can we help your ‘’uncertain “child? The main thing is to form the parents positive attitude-the basis of psychological survival of the child. Every parent should know about the psychological development of the Children. Special attention is paid to the issue of the child's adaptation to kindergarten. The forms of providing psychological and pedagogical assistance to parents are described.

What Is Personality Disorder?

The central problem with persons suffering from personality disorder is not their extreme behaviors but rather a fragmented substrate of personality, while extreme behaviors merely represent specific compensatory strategies. The pathodevelopment of personality disorder involves multiple interacting factors (e.g., biogenetic dispositions, early adversity), leading to aberrant brain and mind organization, notably a hypofunctional prefrontal cortex and fragmented object relations, respectively. Such fragmented personality is adaptively dysfunctional and thus vulnerable to disintegration, particularly under stress and strong affects. Consequently, these patients continue to need sources of organization, both internally (through fantasy and exaggerations) and interpersonally (through self-objects who define and maintain the pathological albeit compensatory self-image). Interpersonal conflicts are actively sought and reflect either trait aggression and/or alloplastic adaptation. Personality disorder can be thought of as a homeostatic attempt of the mind to heal itself, akin to callus formation, a form of psychological survival through mental deviance.

The Human Alarm System for Sensational News, Online News Headlines, and Associated Generic Digital Footprints: A Uses and Gratifications Approach

By adopting the uses and gratifications approach to understand two evolutionary needs—the environmental surveillance need and social involvement need—this study investigated the use of alarm and prosocial words in news headlines and the associated generic digital footprints. We analyzed over 170,000 online news headlines and the number of associated clicks and “likes” for each news story on an online news platform. Our results support the idea of a human alarm system for sensational news as a psychological survival mechanism designed to detect and pay attention to threatening news such as catastrophes and diseases. News headlines with alarm words indirectly attracted more “likes,” indicating a concern with survival, through an increased number of clicks to select that news item. Furthermore, the results of a conditional indirect effect model showed that while online readers selectively clicked on news headlines with alarm words, the presence of a prosocial word in the headline increased the likelihood that readers would “like” it.