Characteristics and Trends of English Testing Research in China: Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace

This thesis aims to have a visualized analysis of English testing from 1995 to 2020 in China with the help of the Scientometric software CiteSpace by drawing a map of keyword co-occurrence, time zone, and author cooperation network as well as scientific research institution cooperation network. It found that the cooperation between the authors is not strong and so do the research institutions. Besides, research focus detected mainly include college English, formative assessment, assessment, college English teaching, summative assessment and language testing. And according to the map of time zone, this research field is constantly moving towards enrichment and refinement. Finally, based on the mapping knowledge domains drawn by CiteSpace, the future development trends and deficiencies of this research are summarized.

The influence of intellectual capital on supply chain management of the Military Technical Institute

The Military Technical Institute (MTI), as the largest military scientific-research institution in the Ministry of Defense, mostly realizes its supply chain from the budget of the Republic of Serbia, while a smaller part is realized from its own revenues. The ongoing effort to improve its performance within the supply chain, but also the relevant role of human resources in MTI to manage their supply chain integration initiatives, uses an intellectual capital framework to analyze human, organizational and social capital in supply chain integration. In particular, it is proposed that intellectual or capital drive the integration of supply chains into MTI. The aim of this paper is to prove that intellectual capital influences the integration of processes and activities in supply chains in MTI.

The 1880s: the rise of rivalry

This chapter explores the 1880s as a time when standards were set in ornithology, in terms of scientific practices of naming and drawing up agreed lists of accepted records of rare birds visiting Britain. Dresser was a key figure in this, at a time when a number of self-proclaimed authorities disputed evidence and practices. Dresser was involved in various arguments over scientific naming practices with American ornithologists, which would run for many years. His relationship with Henry Seebohm, an English collector with whom he had previously been on good terms, deteriorates as Seebohm set out to deinstall Dresser as the leading commentator on the birds of Europe and Siberia. The British Museum (Natural History) continued to develop its leading importance as a scientific research institution, attracting support from many of Dresser’s contemporaries and acquiring their collections. Dresser remained separated from the museum.

Understanding the public, the visitors, and the participants in science communication activities

Despite the promotion of public engagement in science, there has been little empirical research on the sociocultural and attitudinal characteristics of participants in science communication activities and the extent to which such individuals are representative of the general population. We statistically investigated the distinctiveness of visitors to a scientific research institution by contrasting samples from visitor surveys and nationally representative surveys. The visitors had more cultural capital (science and technology/art and literature) and believed more in the value of science than the general public, but there was no difference regarding assessment of the levels of national science or of the national economy. A deeper examination of the variations in the visitors’ exhibit-viewing behaviors revealed that individuals with more scientific and technical cultural capital viewed more exhibits and stayed longer at the events. This trend in exhibit-viewing behaviors remained consistent among the different questionnaire items and smart-card records.

On CAS Pioneer Initiative

On August 18, 2014, following a year of intensive planning, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced an unprecedented program for institutional reform, within the framework of the ‘Pioneer Initiative’ (). It calls for a massive restructuring of all CAS research units into four distinct categories — innovative academies, centers of excellence, mega-science research centers, and feature institutes, each with clearly defined scientific mission and distinct management system. As the chief architect of this most drastic structural reform of CAS in its 65-year history, CAS President Chunli Bai recently talked to NSR on the history and driving forces behind this new reform, and on the prospect and challenges faced by CAS in coming decades as China's most prominent scientific research institution.

Application of Micro-PIV on the Microscale Flow and a Modified System Based on Ordinary 2-D PIV

This paper briefly presents the working principle of micro-PIV (Particle Imaging Velocimetry) and its development and application on the microscale flow. Compared with ordinary PIV, micro-PIV has much higher spatial resolution. In addition, the adoption of fluorescent tracer and filter lens could enable flow field near wall surface to be measured. In view of the ordinary 2-D PIVs have been widespread among the scientific research institution related on fluid flow, the way that an ordinary 2-D PIV was modified to enable measurement of microscale flow was discussed in the paper. The extra elements of microscope objective lens, relay mirror, filter lens and telescopic focusing barrel are necessary. Some experiment results of the flow in microscale channels have been introduced to verify the availability of the modified PIV system. It could be found from the experimental results that the modified PIV system could be feasible and reliable for measuring micro-scale flows.