Long-term Survival of Patients With Unoperated Single Ventricle Heart Defect: Four Case Reports and Literature Review

Background: A single ventricle heart defect is a rare complex congenital cardiac malformation. It is rare for patients with single ventricle to spontaneously survive long-term to adulthood. No literature was retrieved that summarized the ultrasonographic features of patients with single ventricle who survived for a long time without surgery.Case presentation: Four patients in this study were diagnosed with single ventricle heart defects during childhood, but received no surgical intervention. All four patients had good outcomes. We summarize the ultrasound findings of these patients.Conclusion: We summarize the factors that contribute to the long-term survival of single ventricle patients without surgical intervention, and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of single ventricle to improve the survival rate of patients.

Myocardial infarction in a patient with a single ventricle of the heart

A clinical case of myocardial infarction in a patient with single ventricle heart defect is described.

PEMODELAN MATEMATIKA ALIRAN DARAH PADA PEMBULUH DARAH ARTERI DAN VENA PADA KELAINAN JANTUNG SINGLE VENTRICLE

Single ventricle is a heart defect in which one of the ventricle does not developed and bother the blood flow. One of the solutions is fontan surgery. The result of Fontan surgery allows the blood flowing in veins that initially lead to the heart change into the arteries. Because of these changes, there are possibility of swelling and velocity change of blood flowing. This research constructed a mathematical model of blood flowing velocity in arteries and veins due to a single ventricle heart defect that was formed from the momentum and mass equation, which was influenced by the diameter of venous vessel and blood viscosity. The analysis of the blood flow velocity in arteries and veins due to single ventricle heart defect was simulated by MATLAB and FLUENT software. The factors observed were the effect of venous diameter and blood viscosity on the velocity of blood flow in the veins. The result indicated that the greater diameter of the vein, the smaller the flow velocity in the vein. The greater blood viscosity resulted the smaller flow velocity in arteries and veins.

Parasitic twin with major cardiac defect: a case report

Parasitic twins are an extremely rare form of asymmetrical conjoined monochorial monoamniotic twins where one of them has a mostly intact body that is able to survive and which is referred to as ‘autosite’, while the counterpart, referred to as ‘parasite’, is only rudimentarily developed being physically attached to and nourished by the other twin. Our case is a baby boy with Single Ventricle Heart defect with a thoraco-abdominal mass (epigastric heteropagus twin) attached to the anterior abdominal wall near the umbilicus with minimal visceral sharing. The twins had two external genitalia both in host and parasite micturating separately. After high risk surgery the parasite could be separated completely from the host and postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Numerical Modeling of Pulsating Inflow to the Pulmonary Arteries in TCPC Morphology Using FSI Approach

The Fontan surgery is performed on patients with a single ventricle heart defect to prevent the combination of highly-oxygenated and poorly-oxygenated blood. Blood flow in total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) which culminates an ordinary Fontan operation is practically steady-state but this flow is not appropriate for respiratory systems. This article investigates an approach in Fontan surgery that has been recently proposed in order to make the pulmonary blood flow pulsating. Moreover, for investigating the compliance of vessels and its effects on blood flow in TCPC, we have used the FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) method as well as rigid wall assumption for comparison purposes. Our TCPC model structure has obtained from CT Angiography (CTA) scan of a single ventricle patient who has undergone a normal Fontan surgery. In this new procedure, pulmonary stenosis (PS), containing high pressure and pulsating flow, has been added to the original geometry for pulsating the main flow and then its effect on the general flow in left and right pulmonary arteries has been studied by increasing the inlet velocity to PS. In overall, our results show that this new approach increases the pulsations of pulmonary flow.