Universal serial bus (USB) is a kind of new bus interface specification, whose characteristics are convenience, high speed, easiness to expand, low cost and low disturbance, etc. So it is extremely fit to be the communication interface between host computer and peripherals. This paper is mainly about the development of data collecting system based on of USB, including hardware design, firmware design, equipment driver programming and application software design based on Windows driver model (WDM). This system works stable. Both the sampling precision and the data transmission speed have reached expected effect.